HOMOPTERA. — COCCIDE. 449 
in a dense white cottony secretion. My figure 118. 7. represents the 
male of this species ; 8. ditto, with the wings closed, considerably larger 
than life; 9. the under side of the female magnified ; 10. its antenna ; 
11. its promuscis and seta, after Percheron; 12. the young larva; 13. 
one of its feet; 14. one of its antenne; 15. male pupa. 
Another valuable material obtained from a species of this family 
is the Indian product termed lac, which is extensively used in the 
manufacture of varnishes, sealing-wax, &c. ; it is also the basis of the 
French polish, and is used in making waterproof hats, as well as in 
dyeing. The perfect insect has not been deseribed with sufficient pre-- 
cision for modern scientific purposes in the memoirs and figures of 
Drs. Roxburgh and Kerr, above referred to’: the female, however, 
attaches itself to the twigs of various trees, in which state it is 
called stick-lae ; when separated, pounded, and the greater part of the 
colouring matter extracted by water, it is called seed-lac; when melted 
down into cakes, Zuwmp-lae ; and when strained and formed into thin 
laminee, shell-lac. The species is the Coccus lacca Kerr, C. Ficus 
Fabr. Burmeister places it in the same genus with C. Cacti. 
A species allied to the cochineal is found upon Tamarix mannifera 
Ehr., a large tree growing on Mount Sinai, the young shoots of which 
are covered with the females, which, puncturing them with their pro- 
boscis, cause them to discharge a great quantity of a gummy secretion, 
which quickly hardens and drops from the tree, when it is collected 
by the natives, who regard it as the real manna of the Israelites. This 
species, C. manniparus E/r., is figured in the Symbole Physice by Dr. 
Klug, to whom I am indebted for specimens. 
A remarkable creature, known in the West Indies under the name 
of the Ground Pearl, and described by Guilding under that of Mar- 
garodes Formicarum, from its being chiefly found in ants’ nests, is 
evidently also an insect of this family. (See Latreille in Ferussac 
Bulletin, January 1831, and Literary Gazette, June 25. 1831.) The 
Coccus ceriferus Fabr., described by Anderson in his letters from Ma- 
dras (1781), and by Pearson in the Phil. Trans. 1794, is employed 
in the production of a white wax, the body of the females being en- 
veloped in a thick and solid coat of wax. (Comp. ante, p. 429.) The 
genus Ceroplastus Gray (Spicel. Zool.) appears identical with this 
insect. = 
Various other remarkable modifications occur amongst these insects : 
thus, in Aspidiotus, the males have no lateral anal filaments, but the 
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