20 GENERAL ANATOMY OF THE FROG. 
b. The bile duct: a slender tube leading from the liver 
and gall bladder to the duodenum, into which it opens 
about half an inch beyond the pylorus, and on the 
inner or concave side of the loop formed by the 
duodenum and stomach. The lower half of the bile 
duct has rather thick white walls and is easy to see, 
but the upper half is more slender and more difficult 
to trace. 
To see the opening of the bile duct, slot up the first three quarters 
of an inch of the duodenum along rts convex border: wash out rts 
contents: note the pont at which the bile duct enters: find its 
- actual opening, and wsert a bristle through vt into the duct. 
Notice also the strong wavy transverse folds of the mucous mem- 
brane of the duodenum. 
3. The Pancreas. 
A whitish irregularly lobed mass lying in the loop between 
the stomach and duodenum, and seen best by turning the whole 
loop forwards. The pancreatic ducts, which are numerous, 
open into the bile duct, which passes through the pancreas to 
reach the duodenum. 
Cut through the mesentery along vts attachment to the intestine - 
uncoil the intestine and spread it out on your dissecting board: 
_ measure the lengths of the several portions and draw them to scale. 
F, Other Abdominal Viscera. 
1. The Kidneys: two flat elongated oval bodies of a red 
colour attached to the dorsal body wall, close to the middle line, 
one on each side of the back bone or vertebral column. _They 
lie in en large lymph space behind the ee Pn (See fig. 
Bp. Lit. | 
a. The Ureters, or ducts of the kidneys: two white tubes 
arising from the outer edges of the kidneys at about 
a quarter of their length from their hinder ends, and 
running back to open into the dorsal wall of the 
cloaca, opposite the opening of the bladder. 
b. [In the male frog notice a sac-like dilatation—the vesi- 
cula seminalis—on each ureter, close to its opening 
