D4 BRITISH BUTTERFLIES 
SPECIES 2.—PIERIS CHARICLEA. THE EARLY LARGE WHITE BUTTERFLY. 
Plate iv. fig. 6—9. 
Pontia Chariclea, Steph. Ilust. Brit. Ent. Haust. 117, pl. 3*, fig. 
2. Duncan Brit. Butt. pl. 8, fig. 1. 
The Great White Butterfly, Albin Ins. pl. 1. 
Synonymrs.—Pontia Brassice Precox, Haworth MSS. quoted 
in Steph. Catal. 
This supposed species, ‘hitherto confounded with the preceding or unnoticed by entomologists, is 
considerably smaller than it,” varying in expanse from two and a quarter to two and a half inches, and although 
with the same general style of marks, is distinguished from P. Brassicw by the dissimilar colour of the apical 
spot on the anterior wings above, which is ash coloured, without any internal indentations, and in the female 
deeply clouded with black ; the cilia of all the wings is pale yellowish-white ; the ground colour of the under 
side of the hind wings is more intense, and they are more deeply irrorated with black. 
The time of the appearance of this insect is stated by Mr. Stephens to be early in April, occurring in the 
same fields as P. Brassicee ; and in an extensive series of large whites forwarded to him by the Rev. W. T. 
Bree, captured between the 28th April and 23rd May, all the specimens taken previously to the 17th May agreed 
with Chariclea, whilst those subsequently taken were P. Brassicw, with the exception of a wasted P. Chariclea. 
We agree with the arguments used by Mr. Stephens against the opinion that the early appearance of these 
butterflies can be supposed to affect either their size, colour, or form of their markings ; it still, however, remains 
to be proved whether these characters be constant or merely variable. We trust that our figures will be of 
service in directing attention to the specific rank of the butterfly. 
DESCRIPTION OF PLATE V. 
Insects.—Fig. 1. Pieris Rapz (the small garden white Butterfly), male. 2. The female, showing the under side. 3. The Caterpillar. 
4. The Chrysalis, 
Fig. 5. Pieris Metra (Howard’s white B.), female. 6. The male, showing the under side. 
Fig. 7. Pieris Napi (the green-veined white B.), male. 8. The female, showing the under side. 9. The Caterpillar. 
10. The Chrysalis. 
Fig. 11. Pieris Sabellic (the dusky-veined white B.), female. 12. The male, showing the under side. 
Prants.—Fig. 13. Brassica Rapa (Rape), 14. Brassica campestris (common navew). 
Pontia Rape and Pontia Napi, figured in this plate, are both so obviously distinct from the species given in the previous plate, as well by their 
markings and character as from the decided difference of the caterpillars, that further remark is unnecessary in the description of the plate. 
Beneath P. Rape I have placed the variety or sub-species known as P. Metra, and under P. Napi a corresponding variety or sub-species 
distinguished by some as P. Sabellicw, the caterpillars of which have not beep yet proved to differ. H. N. H. 
SPECIES 3.—PIERIS RAPH. THE SMALL GARDEN WHITE BUTTERFLY. 
Plate v. fig. ]—4. 
Synonymrs.—Papilio (Dan. Cand.) Rape, Linn. Syst. Nat. ii. Pieris Rape, Latreille, Boisduval, Zetterstedt. 
759. Haworth. Lewin Brit. Pap. pl. 26. Wilkes, pl. 97. Ganoris Rape, Dalman. 
Pontia Rape, Ochsenheimer, Stephens, Curtis, Duncan Brit. Butt. Catophaga Rape, Hubner. 
pl. 7, fig. 3. 
By persons ignorant of the nature of the growth and transformations of insects, this butterfly is considered 
as the young of P. Brassicee, with which indeed it exhibits considerable resemblance, although it is usually 
considerably smaller, varying, however, from one and two-thirds to nearly two and a half inches in expanse. It 
