36 BRITISH BUTTERFLIES 
appendage ; the ungues are, however, simple, acute, and strongly curved, each with an external pubescent, 
curved and bifid appendage on the outside, and there is a large fleshy pulvillus between the ungues. 
The characters laid down by Entomologists for the separation of this genus from the next, appear to me 
by no means satisfactory ; indeed, the French and Germans seem to rely chiefly on the presence or absence 
of silvery spots on the under side of the wings; they accordingly unite Euphrosyne and Selene with 
Argynnis, of which, indeed, they are made the types both by Htibner and Ochsenheimer, which is thus made 
to contain very distinct groups. The fact, however, appears to me to be that the Fritillaries, as these spotted 
butterflies are called, instead of forming two genera, constitute a number of sub-genera of equal rank. With this 
view I propose the following arrangement, upon external characters alone, of the British Fritillaries. 
1. Fore wings with the anterior margin straight or slightly concave ; exterior margin rounded. Artemis. 
2. Fore wings with the anterior and exterior margins rounded ; not silvery beneath. Athalia, Cinxia. 
3. Anterior and exterior margins of the fore wings rounded ; hind wings silvered beneath. Euphrosyne, Selene. 
4. Fore wings broad with simple veins, the fore margin rounded, and the outer margin concave. Lathonia. 
5. Fore wings broad with dilated discoidal veins in the males, and with the outer margin generally concave. 
Paphia, &c. 
This distribution appears to me to be confirmed by the structure of the palpi; thus, Artemis and Cinxia 
materially differ from each other in this respect, although Mr. Stephens places them in the same subsection. As, 
however, our English species constitute two, at first sight tolerably distinct, groups, founded on a general uniformity 
and smallness of size, and rounded outer margin of the fore wings in Melitea, and a larger size, generally 
accompanied by a concave outer margin to the fore wings in Argynnis, I shall adopt the arrangement of 
our English authors. 
DESCRIPTION OF PLATE VIII. 
Insects.—Fig. 1. Melitea Cinxia (the Glanville Fritillary Butterfly). 2. Showing the under side. 3. The Caterpillar. 4. The Chrysalis. 
hd Fig. 5. Melitwa Artemis (the greasy Fritillary B.). 6. Showing the under side. 7. The Caterpillar. 8. The Chrysalis. 
“s Fig. 9. Melitwa Athalia (the pearl-bordered likeness B.). 10. Showing the under side. 11, The Caterpillar. 12. The Chrysalis. 
pe Fig. 13. Melita Pyronia (a variety of M. Athalia). 14. Showing the under side. 
Prants.—Fig. 15. Veronica Chameedrys (speedwell). 16. Scabiosa succisa (devil’s-bit, scabious), 17. Lattuna vulgaris (common heath). 
se Fig. 18. Plantago lanceolata (ribwort). 
The plan of this work is to give as far as possible an entire genus upon each plate, so as to present the points of difference of each species in 
juxta position, without having to refer backwards and forwards, during which operation the eye can scarcely carry minute differences with 
sufficient accuracy for the purposes of comparison. The advantage of this arrangement is particularly shown in the present plate, containing a 
large portion of the genus Melitwa. The three species, Cinxia, Athalia, and Artemis, which occurring in successive pages would appear to the 
inexperienced eye precisely similar, are now, placed side by side, made clearly to display their differences of marking. Cinxia, with its range of 
black spots upou the border of the posterior wings; Artemis, with a somewhat similar range of spots, but varied by a central band of markings 
of a lighter colour upon both anterior and posterior wings ; and Athalia, deprived entirely of the range of spots, thus at once appear, even without 
reference to the under sides, so distinct as to enable the most unpractised eye to distinguish them at a glance. The differences of the caterpillars 
are still more slight, but it will be perecived that that of Cinxia has the head and legs brown, in that of Artemis the legs only are brown, und it 
has the additional distinction of a row of white markings along the side, while in that of Athalia, the legs and head are black and the spines 
only are brown, The caterpillars of Cinxia and Athalia are from Godart, that of Artemis from Hiibner. H. N. H. 
