AND THEIR TRANSFORMATIONS. 47 
external of which are diamond-shaped ; besides which, the males have the anal vein and the three branches of the 
median vein strongly dilated and black in the middle. The under side of the fore wings is paler, with black 
marks ; but those adjoining the outer margin are almost obliterated, and replaced near the tip with greenish scales. 
The hind wings are greenish, with two short silvery bars near the base, a narrower one running obliquely across 
the middle of the wing, and another marginal one ; between the two last is a row of green circles, and another 
of green lunules forming the inner margin of the marginal band. 
A fine variety of this species, which has been regarded as a distinct species and figured by Ernst, is in the 
British Museum, from which our plate 12, fig. 3, was taken. It was captured many years ago by Mr. Dale, and 
is a female, and has the upper surface of the wings very dark, with some whitish spots at the tips of the fore 
wings. Similar individuals have not unfrequently been met with on the Continent, where they are known under 
the ordinary name, ‘“‘e Valaisien.” Their specific identity with A. Paphia has been demonstrated in a remarkable 
manner—Hubner having figured (pl. 190, fig. 935, 936) a specimen apparently female, the right wings of which 
are coloured as in the variety and the left as in the type of the species. A still ore remarkable specimen has 
been figured by M. Wesmael in the 4th volume of the Bulletin of the Academy of Brussels, in which the right 
wings were those of the male type, except that the marginal row of spots were as large as in the female ; the 
left fore wing exhibited a complete melange of the male and female, as well as of the variety and typical individuals, 
the ground colour being fulvous as in the male, but the markings, especially at the tip, dark as in the female, 
with the white spots of the variety, the upper side of the hind wings entirely coloured as in the variety. 
Another gynandromorphous individual is mentioned by Ochsenheimer, the right wings of which are those of 
the male, and the left those of the female. In Loudon’s Magazine of Natural History, the capture of an 
English specimen is noticed, according with Ochsenheimer’s description. 
The caterpillar is light brown, with a row of yellow spots on the back. The spines are long, the two next 
the head being longer than the rest. It feeds on the dog’s-violet, raspberry, and nettle. The chrysalis is 
grey, with the tubercles gilt. 
This is an abundant species, especially in the south of England, occurring also in Scotland. It flies in July. 

GENUS XI. 
VANESSA*, Fasrictus. 
This genus may be considered as comprising the most beautiful and highly ornamented of our British 
butterflies, distinguished generically from the preceding Nymphalide by having the eyes pubescent and the wings 
angulated, by which latter character, as well as by the more sudden formation of the club, they are separated 
from the terminal genera of the family. The head is narrower than the thorax, with the eyes large, lateral, and 
densely clothed with very fine hairs: the labial palpi are of moderate length, contiguous and parallel to each 
other, being obliquely elevated in front of the head, and three-jointed, the middle joint being much the longest, 
and the third short, and when denuded of its scales and hair, somewhat pointed at the tip. The antenna are 
® More probably Phanessa, being derived from édvns, one of the Greek names of love. Hederich Mythol. Lex. 1724. Vollm, Vollst. 
Worterb. 1316, 
H2 
