62 BRITISH BUTTERFLIES 
The relations of these insects with the other tribes of Diurnal Lepidoptera are very interesting. In the habit 
of the caterpillars as well as of the imago, as suggested by Mr. Curtis, they approach Pieris (Pontia) ; but the 
supposed resemblance with the Melita appears to me to be very slight. Boisduval has more correctly indicated 
the relation of their larvee with those of Morpho and Brassolis, as well as with Apatura, and of the imago with 
Biblis. 
The distribution of these insects has hitherto been but little attended to. By Mr. Curtis (who has in these 
insects alone departed from his usual plan of giving only one illustration of each genus) they are formed into a 
single genus, divided into two groups, from the hairy or naked eyes. Mz. Stephens, by a more careful examination 
of the structure of the different species, has divided the genus into five sections, in the following manner :— 
A.—Eyes pubescent ; wings, especially the posterior, more or less denticulated ; palpi moderately hairy; frequent 
woods, lanes, and highways. Algeria, Megewra, 
B.—Eyes naked ; the wings, especially the posterior, more or less dentated ; palpi moderately hairy ; frequent 
heaths, commons, and meadows ; subdivided from the form of the club of the antenne, and of the wings. 
Semele, Galathea, Tithonus, Junira, Hyperanthus. 
C.—Eyes naked ; anterior wings entire, rounded, posterior dentated ; palpi hairy, terminal joint short, obtuse ; 
frequent mountainous districts or swampy heaths. Ligea, Blandina. 


D.—Hyes naked ; wings elongate, pilose, entire ; palpi very hairy ; frequent mountainous districts. Cassiope. 
E.—Eyes naked ; wings entire ; palpi slender, moderately hairy ; terminal joint very long, acute ; frequent boggy 
heaths and marshy places in mountain districts. Polydama, Davus, Hero, Ascanius, Pamphilus. 
M. Boisduyal, in his beautiful ‘ cones des Lépidopteres,” has divided these insects into four genera :—Arge 
(the group typified by Galathea) ; Erebia, corresponding with the mountain groups, (Stephens’ sections C. and D.) ; 
Chionobas, an Arctie group; and Satyrus, formed of the remainder, and divided into nine races. 
M. Duponchel, in a memoir published in the Annals of the French Entomological Society for 1833, has 
regarded these insects as constituting but a single geuus, and as divisible into nine groups, characterised by the 
variations in the dilatations at the base of the veins of the wings (a character entirely neglected by our English 
authors), and the form of the antenne. The following are his groups, with the names of the English species 
belonging to each. 
1. Graminicotes, Galathea. 2. Ericicones, Phedra. 3. Rupicotes, Briseis and Semele. 4. Herpicours, 
Janira and Tithonus. 5. Victcones, Megera and /Egeria. 6. Ramicoues, Hyperanthus. 7. Dumicotes, Hero, 
Ascanius, Iphis, Davus, and Pamphilus. 8. Arcricotes (no British species), And 9. ALprcotes, Cassiope, 
Blandina, and Ligea. 
The great extent, of the group, and the variation in the characters noticed above, to which others of still 
greater importance (but which have been neglected by preceding authors) must be added, induce me, after much 
consideration, to break up the old genus Hipparchia, instead of treating it as I have done the Fritillaries and 
Vanesse, and to adopt a plan of distribution intermediate between those of Boisduval and Duponchel. The 
genera Arge (Graminicoles, Dup.), Chionobas (Areticoles, Dup.), and Krebia of Boisduval (Alpicoles, Dup.), 
appear to me to be natural groups, although there isa marked difference in the form of the wings of Blandina 
and Cassiope, belonging to the last-mentioned group : but the genus Satyrus of Boisduval is a complete magazine, 
comprising species with naked and hairy eyes; smooth and pubescent larva ; one, two, or three of the veins 
dilated at the base, &c. From this mass I therefore propose to detach the Vicicoles of Duponchel, haying, in 

