AND THEIR TRANSFORMATIONS. 73 
Papitio Potypama of Haworth (Polymeda of Jermyn but not of Scopoli, the last-named author having 
given that name to Hyperanthns) is considered by Curtis as a variety of Davus; whilst Mr. Stephens at first 
gave it as a distinct species, but subsequently, in the Appendix to the first volume of his lustrations, asserted it 
to be a variety of Typhon of Haworth. It measures about an inch and a half in the expanse of its wings, the 
fore pair of which, on the upper side, are of a greyish ochre, with two obscure blind eyes; the hind wings above 
are brown, but with the inner edge broadly whitish or buff, with a small obscure eyelet near the anal angle. 
The fore wings beneath are of a brownish ochre, blackish at the base and ashy at the tips, with an abbreviated 
whitish fascia across the middle, between which and the outer margin are two eyes of small size: the hind wings 
beneath have a broad basal bar of greyish brown externally dentated, terminated by a whitish irregular bar, 
sometimes almost interrupted in the middle, beyond which the wings are ashy, with six small eyes surrounded 
with a whitish ring, three of which are usually much smaller than the others. The ocelli, as well as the ground- 
colour of the wings, vary considerably. 
This variety—or species, as it may be considered —was first found in the county of York in the month of 
June, and subsequently on the 2st of July, 1809, by the Rev. W. T. Bree, on the moors between Bala and 
Festiniog, North Wales, in company, however, with a specimen of Typhon, Haw. Mr. Weaver also found 
Polydama plentifully in North Wales in 1827 ; whilst he found Typhon still more profusely in Cumberland one 
month earlier. According to Mr. Wales, however, both Typhon and Polydama occur plentifully on damp 
heaths in Northumberland in the beginning of July. Mr. Curtis, on the other hand, states that it is taken near 
Manchester in company with Davus—‘ Non nostrum tantas componere lites.” 
Our figure 3, in plate 21, is taken from the specimen which was represented by Mr. Stephens, Llustr. 
Haust. 1, pl. 7, fig. 3. 

SPECIES 2.—CQENONYMPHA TYPHON, Haworth, THE SCARCE HEATH BUTTERFLY. 
Plate xxi. figs. 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, and 9. 
Synonymes.—Papilio Typhon, Haworth, Jermyn, Curtis. Godart, according to Curtis, the species described by those authors 
Papilio Tiphon, Esper. (according to Stephens, but disputed by | being the Hero of Fabricius). 
Curtis). Satyrus Davus, Godart. 
Papilio Iphis (Wien V.?) Borkhausen, Jermyn, Stephens, Iluat. Hipparchia Polydama, var., Stephens, Syst. Cat. and Tllust. 
Haust. 1, pl. 7, fig. 1, 2, (but not of Ochsenheimer, Hubner, nor | Haust. 1, App. p. 148. 
This species (if indeed it be specifically distinct from Davus and Polydama) varies from 14 to 12 inches in 
expanse. On the upper side the wings are usually of a rusty grey or ochre colour, having the base brownish. 
The hind wings are generally darker, and without any trace of rudimental eyes, but sometimes with distinct 
ocelli varying in number near the tip; on the under side the fore wings are dusky at the base, with the disc 
rusty ochre, followed by an abbreviated, irregular white stripe; the outer part of the wing being greenish ash, 
and bearing generally two (but sometimes as many as five) small eyes, which are occasionally obsolete: the 
hind wings beneath are of a greenish-brown at the base, with an irregular, interrupted whitish bar beyond the 
middle of the wing, succeeded by an ochre shade in the female, but greenish-brown in the male, and generally 
ornamented with six small eyes, but their number is liable to great variation. The females are further distin- 
guished by having the wings paler and more ochreous, and marked on the upper side with a large pale blotch on 
the disc of all the wings. 
