AND THEIR TRANSFORMATIONS. 
“I 
i | 
SPECIES 1.—OREINA LIGEA. THE ARRAN BROWN BUTTERFLY. 
Plate xxiii. fig. 1—4. 
Synonymes.— Papilio Ligea, Linneus; Sowerby, Brit. Miscell. ;| = Papilio Alevis, Esper. 
pl. 2. | Papilio Philomela, Hiibner, Papil., Esper. 
Hipparchia Ligea, Ochsenheimer ; Stephens, Hust. Haustell. 1, Erebia Ligea, Dalman, Boisduval. 
pl. 6, fig. 1, 2,3; Duncan, Brit. Butt. pl. 25, fiz. 1. | Epigea Ligea, Hiibuer (Verz. bek. Schmett.) 
This rare butterfly measures from 1+ to 2 inches in the expanse of its wings, which are of a dark rich brown, 
all the wings having a broad oblong patch of red near the outer margin, within which, on the fore wings, are 
four eyes, black (with white pupils in the females), the two nearest the apex confluent, and in the hind wings 
three ocelli, which are also blind in the males. On the under side the wings are of a paler brown, and the band 
is brighter in the fore wings, but almost obsolete in the hind ones, which are ornamented beyond the middle with 
an abbreviated and irregular white band, between which and the hind margin are three black ocelli, with white 
pupils, each surrounded by a red ring. The fringe of all the wings is alternately brown and white. 
Taken in the Isle of Arran by the late Sir Patrick Walker and Alexander Macleay, Esq., in July or August. 
It is described as occurring in France and Sweden, and as appearing in meadows and open spaces of woods. 
The caterpillar is green, with a dusky line down the back, with several white lines along the sides. 

SPECIES 2:—OREINA BLANDINA. THE SCOTCH ARGUS BUTTERFLY. 
Plate xxiii. fig. 5—10. 
Synonymes. — Papilio Blundina, Fabricius ; Sowerby, British Hipparchia Blandina, Ochsenheimer ; Stephens ; Curtis; Duncan, 
. 
Miscell. 1, pl. 7? Donovan, vol. 12, pl. 426. Brit. Butt. pl. 25, fig. 2. 
Epigea Philomela, Hiibner. 
This species varies in the expanse of its wings from 13 to 2 inches. The upper side of all the wings is of a 
dark uniform brown colour, the fore wings having a dark orange patch near the apex, the lower part being 
narrower than the upper, from which it is ordinarily separated by a constriction in the middle of the patch. The 
upper part of this patch bears a united pair of black eyes, having white pupils, and the lower part has a single 
eye similar in colour but smaller, which is occasionally obliterated. The hind wings are ornamented with a curved 
bar (or rather a united series of round marks), of obscure orange near the hinder margin, in which are generally 
three small black eyes with white pupils, and a black dot in the outer part of the bar. Specimens occasionally 
occur with as many as five ocelli on the fore wings. Others have only two ocelli in the hind wings. The fringe 
of all the wings is brownish, but paler and interrupted in the females. On the under side the fore wings are of a 
somewhat redder brown with an orange bar ocellated as above; the hind wings have the base greyish brown, 
succeeded by a broad irregular red-brown bar, which extends beyond the middle of the wings ; this is again 
succeeded by arather narrower greyish bar,in which are three minute rudimental ocelli; and the margin of the 
wing is brown. ‘The colouring of these bars varies considerably, not only according to the localities where the 
specimens are taken, but also in the sexes, as represented in the upper series of figures in Plate 23. Ordinarily, 
however, the specimens taken in Scotland have the bars more indistinctly marked. There are numerous Continental 
species closely allied to this insect, but the descriptions and figures of Ernst, Hiibner, &c. of these insects are not 
sufficiently accurate to enable a correct judgment to be formed whether the English specimens be specifically 
distinct from the Scotch ones. : 
Messrs. Stephens and Curtis only mention the island of Arran and Castle Eden Dean as the localities for this 
M 
