AND THEIR TRANSFORMATIONS, 9] 
an oval opake spot near the middle of the wing towards the costa; the base of the wings has also a slight 
greenish tinge; on the under side the wings are of a uniform pea-green, except along the inner edge of the fore 
wings, which is hidden by the fore edge of the hind ones, and is of a brownish colour. The hind wings are 
marked beyond the middle with a row of minute white dots, which vary in their size, being sometimes obsolete, 
and sometimes so large as to form a streak across the wings. The tail is obsolete, its place being indicated by a 
slight projection or tooth, besides which there are several others, so that this pair of wings is denticulated. The 
cilie are brown, dotted with black in the hind wings. In addition to the variation in the size of the white dots 
on the hind wings beneath, Mr. Stephens mentions a variety in which the fore wings on the under side have 
a row of white dots on the front margin; the female has also occasionally a pale whitish oval dot near the 
middle of the fore wings towards the costa. 
The caterpillar is pubescent, light green, with lateral rows of triangular yellow spots, and a white line above 
the legs. The head is black. It feeds on the bramble, broom, dyers’-weed, &c., and may be found at the 
middle of July. This butterfly, which flies over white-thorn hedges, and especially bramble bushes and other 
low shrubs on which the caterpillar feeds, further differs from the rest of the genus in being double-brooded ; the first 
brood appearing in May or at the beginning of June, and the second at the beginning of August. It appears 
to be distributed over the greater part of our island: it has, however, only been observed in the southern 
counties of Scotland. 

GENUS XXII. 
CHRYSCPHANUS, Hupner; (Potyommatus, Boisduval ; Lycuna, Stephens.) 
This genus, restricted to the butterflies which are termed Coppers by collectors, is distinguished from the other 
species of the family not only by the brilliant colour of the upper surface of the wings, but by having the antenne 
long and terminated by an abrupt fusiform club, which is not spoon-shaped ; the hind wings more denticulated 
than in the Blues, but destitute of the tails: the pulvilli of the feet are also larger than in the last-named 
genus, whilst the naked eyes separate the species from those of Thecla. In the males of most of the species 
the hind wings have the anal angle produced, and in the females the hind margin of the wing jointing the angle is 
subemarginate. ‘Che palpi are nearly straight, with the last joint naked, rather long and subulated, and the 
head is narrower than the thorax. The postcostal vein of the fore wings emits three branches extending to the 
costa, the third of which, arising near to, or rather beyond the union of the postcostal with the ordinary transverse 
vein, is forked, as in Thecla Quercus, and Betule.  Boisduval’s figure of the veins of this genus, Hist. Nat. Lep. 
1, pl. 6—C, fig. 7, is (as I am sorry to say many of his other figures of the veins are) inaccurate. The ground 
colour of the wings above is fiery orange, at least in one sex, and the females have the upper side of the wings always 
marked with black spots. 
The caterpillars resemble rather elongated woodlice, and appear somewhat hairy when seen through a lens. 
They feed on low plants. Dr. Horsfield indeed considers that the chief difference between his genera Polyommatus 
and Lycena depends on the variation of the metamorphosis, the larva in the former being regularly rounded or 
cylindrico-gibbose ; in the latter more oblong and impressed at the sides. He, in fact, states that in the antenne 
and palpi of these two genera no tangible difference can be pointed out : the distinction derived from the wings is, 
