94 BRITISH BUTTERFLIES 
This species, in the similarity of the markings in the two sexes, the greater length of the tails of the hind wings, 
and in the circumstance of there being several broods in the course of the summer, is aberrant from the general 
characteristics of the genus. This is one of our most elegant and active butterflies, frequenting pasture-lands, 
commons, heaths, &c., and keeping up a continual warfare with its fellows. Its beautiful appearance in the 
glowing sunshine, especially when contrasted with the colours of the flowers on which it delights to settle, renders 
it conspicuous to every passenger. 
There is considerable variation in the intensity and extent of the copper markings of this species. In addition 
to these ordinary variations, three other more striking varieties have been found: one, in which the copper band 
of the hind wings is quite obliterated ; another, in which the copper colour on both surfaces of the wings is 
replaced by milk-white (of which variety there is a specimen in the collection of the Entomological Society of 
London from the cabinet of Mr. Kirby); and a third (figured in our plate 28, fig. 8), in which, on the contrary, 
it is the black portion of the wings which is replaced by milk-white. 

SPECIES 2.—CHRYSOPHANUS CHRYSEIS. THE PURPLE-EDGED COPPER BUTTERFLY. 
Plate xxviii. fig. 1—3. 
Synonyurs.— Hesperia Chryseis, Fabricius. Chrysophanus Chryseis, Wiibuer (Verz. bek. Schmett.) 
Papilio Chryseis, Haworth ; Sowerby, British Miscell., 1, pl. 13. | Papilio Hippothe, var., Esper, pl. 62, fig. 1. 
- . : | Vorudice, “le 
Lycena Chryseis, Oclisenheimer ; Stephens ; Duncan, Brit. Butt., Pap. Eurydice, Borkhausen. 
pl. 30, fig.1. Wood, Ind. Entom., t. 2, f. 57. 
The expansion of the wings of this handsome species is about two inches and a half. The upper side of the 
wings in the male is of a shining copper colour, of a redder tint than in C. Phileas. At the extremity of the 
discoidal cell in all the wings isa slender black bar; the hind margin is brown, within which, as well as along 
the front edge of the fore wings, is suffused a rich purple tint, which extends also along the anal edge of the 
hind wings, which in that part have the ground colour of a brown hue, which extends in a broad margin along 
the extremity of these wings, having an ill-defined series of copper spots near the anal angle. The female, on 
the contrary, has the disc of the fore wings, above, of a dull copper colour without any gloss, and with the edges 
brown ; there is also a dot in the middle, and a bar at the extremity of the discoidal cell, a curved bar of six 
brown spots beyond the middle of the fore wings, and a more indistinct row of smaller spots nearer the margin ; 
the disc of the hind wings is entirely brown, with a narrow bar of dull orange near the anal angle, spotted with 
brown both above and below. Beneath, both sexes are alike, except that the fore wings of the female have the 
disc more suffused with orange. The ground colour of all the wings on this surface is ashy drab, with the 
margins more grey, and the base more slate-coloured or bluish : the fore wings have about seventeen black spots 
of variable size, ocellated with white ; the three anterior ones placed longitudinally, the third being transverse, 
succeeded by seven in a curyed series, the remainder more indistinct, and running parallel with the extremity of 
the wing: each of the hind wings is marked with about thirty similar ocellated spots, those at the base of the 
wings being scattered-about, whilst the others are arranged in transverse curved bands, those upon the margin 
of the wing being almost obsolete: between these and the preceding row of spots, the wings are dashed with 
orange near the anal angle. There is, however, considerable diversity in the ground colour of the wings beneath, 
as well as in the number of spots: the specimen figured, for example, in the upper part of our plate 28 has fewer 
than the ordinary number of ocellated spots. 
