AND THEIR TRANSFORMATIONS. joj 



mmicroiis on tlic hiiul wings, especially towards tlio base, and the front margin lias a large white blotch ; the 

 veins in these wings arc also pale- coloured. 



A not very uncommon variety, regarded by Fabricius, Lewin, Sec. as distinct, is represented in our figures 

 7 and 8, in which there is a white oblong blotch in the middle of the fore wings towards the posterior marfrin, 

 visible on botli sides, which is frequently duplicated from the confluence of two contin-uous spots. The white 

 dots are also longer and larger than in the typical individuals. Jlr. Stephens possesses a specimen with one 

 of the fore wings marked as in the variety, and the other as in the type. 



The caterpillar is green, with pale longitudinal stripes, a black head, and a yellow rini' round the neck. It 

 feeds on the teazle, tlie leaves of wdiich it rolls up. 



This is a common species, occurring in woods and dry pastures in Kent, Surrev, Essex, Hertford, Wilts, 

 Durham, Cambridge, Northumberland, and the south of Scotland. It appears at the end of May. Reaumur 

 has given the history of this species in the eleventh ]ilate of his first volume. The Rev. W. T. Brec informs ns, 

 that he once took the " variety ?" regarded by some writers as distinct under the name of Fritillum, near Yar- 

 mouth, in the Isle of "Wight ; and that a friend takes it in some abundance in the Forest, near Bewdley, Worces- 

 tershire. " It seems to be, like the white Colias Edusa, what may be called a permanent variety, or one which 

 is constantly occurring." 



I have followed Boisduval and Zetterstedt in restoring to this species the name of Malv;e, that name in 

 the hand-writing of Linnajus himself being attached to his specimen of this insect in the Linnaian Cabinet. 

 His words also, " margino quasi (kntato, interjacentibus maculis albis," distinguish it at once from the 

 following species. 



SPECIES 2.— PYRGUS OILEUS? 



Plate xxxviii. fig. 13 — 14. 

 ' These figures represent a North American insect, respecting the history of which, as a doubtful inhabitant of 

 this country, it will be necessary to give the following details. 



The late Jlr. Ilaworth, in the 3rd part of the Entomological Transactions (].. 334), gives the following 

 statement : — 



"Oileus Papilio (The Georffiim Grizzle), Gnicl., Syst. Nat. 2370, 269 ? 



" Obs.— Has been caught in Bedfordshire by the Rev. Dr. Abbott, and is in Leman s ancient English 

 Cabinet, now in the possession of Lee Phillips, Esq., Jfanchester." 



From this English name, it is evident that Mv. Ilaworth considered the specimens as identical with a North 

 American species, to whieli he applied Gmelin's name Oileus, but with a mark of doubt, which is by no means 

 surprising, when it is stated that Gmelin gives Algiers as the locality of that insect, with only the following 

 short description of it :— " P. alis subdenticulatis fuscis albo maculatis ; supra basin exteriercm primorum linea 

 alba. Pithoni simillimus." (Syst. Nat. 4, p. 2370.) 



Mr. Stephens describes the species as having the " wings rounded ; anterior varied with black and white ; 

 posterior beneath cinereous with waved black streaks ; anteun.-e black ; the club cinereous beneath :" and 

 suggests that the specimens in question (which he had not seen) may be rather identical with the P. Fritillum of 

 Hiibner. Mr. Curtis however, states, that they all agree with the North American species. 



