80 



The r(iH('(j(if('d frltHlanj {Eupto'icta claudia Cram.). — One of this 

 group of ])utteri1ies, the N3"niphalina:>, is the species above mentioned. 

 July 2, 1900, we received a num])er of caterpillars of this species from 

 Mr. Willie A. Toole, Baraboo, Wis., with report that they were found 

 on young pansies and were numerous enough to cause some damage. 

 Writing again October 27 our correspondent stated that this species 

 was very plentiful during the year, more so than in the preceding 

 season, and expressed the opinion that if it continued to increase as it 

 had done it might become a serious pest. During the past season the 

 Ijutterflies paid in part for what injury the caterpilhirs had accom- 

 plished, in the fertilization of the pansies — l)umblebees, the insects 

 which usually bring about this result, having been unusually scarce. 



Fig. 22. — Euptoicta claudia: a, mature butterfly; b, caterpillar; c, pupa — all natural size (original). 



A full account of this species has been given by Dr. S. 11. Scuddei- 

 in his "Butterflies of the Eastern United States and Canada" (Vol. 1, 

 pp. 519-527) where the different stages are fully described and figured, 

 and other obtainable facts are detailed. The life histor}^, however, 

 is still somewhat incomplete. A shorter account is given in Dr. W. 

 J. Holland's "Butterfly Book'' (pp. 99, 100). 



This butterfly varies in the depth of markings as well as in size, the 

 wing expanse being from an inch and three-fourths to two inches and 

 three-fourths. The upper surface is dull ferruginous or pale brown, 

 shaded on the inner moiety with darker brown, and beautifully marked, 

 lined, and spotted with black, forming a pattern more or less like that 

 depicted in the illustration at a. 



