107 



the second generation, emerged from pup^e in about ten da3's after 

 the larvae transformed. One of the hirva? captured in 18U9 became 

 full fed Jul}^ 8, entered the earth the following da}^ and issued as 

 moth July 22. Assuming the pupal stage to have lasted ten days, three 

 da3'S were passed by the larva in inaction. 



It is obvious from the above that we have two well-marked genera- 

 tions and there is evidence also of a third generation, of few individuals. 

 Although the earliest appearance of the moths in the field was not 

 noted, it is fairly certain that they begin to issue from the pupie of the 

 over-wintei'ed larvae during the latter half of May and continue into 

 June, depositing their eggs at this time for the first new generation, the 

 moths of which appear during the last week of July and the first week 

 of August. From the larv{>3 of the second generation cocoons were 

 obtained August 14. In other words, larva? had reached full growth 

 early in the second week of August, and one lot had already entered the 

 earth and spun up I)v the end of the second week. It has already been 

 shown that larva^ of the second generation pass the winter in their 

 cocoons, iovm the pupal condition in May, and al)Out ten days after 

 transforming issue as adults. There is evidence that a very small per- 

 centage of these, however, issue late in August and lay eggs for a 

 small third generation, the larvie of which have been observed by Mr. 

 Keleher and the writer at the end of September and during the first 

 week of October. 



From the o])served food plants it is obvious that we maj' expect 

 attack in the future on several other plants. The present list includes 

 morning glory, spearmint, peppermint, plum, .sunflower, dahlia, and 

 hogweed, plants of different botanical families. 



NATURAL ENEMIES. 



From the first generation of this insect a number of individuals of 

 a parasitic Dipteron of the family Tachinid;e were reared, all of which 

 evidently came from the cocoons. The species was referred to Mr. 

 Coquillett, who identified it as Ilypodena fiorhliuxis Towns. Flies 

 issued during the last week of July. This species, as its name shows, 

 occurs in the South. Its known distribution extends from the White 

 Mountains of New Hampshire to Jamaica, W. I. It has previously 

 been recorded as a parasite of lila-stohaftiK; nub'deHa Zell. and S,cluzocerci 

 ehena Nort. 



A n3'mph of the spined soldier-bug {Pod/Kus .sj>i/uM)fs Dall.) was 

 observed by Mr. Keleher in the act of attacking a full-grown lar\'a 

 of this species the last week of Septem])er. 



REMEDIES. 



The earlier stages of this insect can d<)u])tless be reached by a s})ray 

 of Paris green or o.her arsenical, as to a certain extent also tln^ lutttu' 



