16 
strongly mixed with red. Even in the darkest forms the strie: shown 
_in the illustration (fig. 2 c, 7) can as a rule be readily made out. The 
striated appearance, however, is usually weaker than in the larva of 
the common army worm, and the larger and more prominent black 
piliferous tubercles and the hairs proceeding from them with which 
the body of the fall army worm is marked will alone serve to distin- 
euish this insect from the army worm proper. In the latter the pil- 
iferous warts are minute and inconspicuous and the hairs so short that 
the body appears nearly smooth by contrast. The fall army worm is 
the smaller and slenderer and the entire body, including the head and 
cervical shield, is usually much darker. 
An illustration of the army worm is presented at figure 3 for com- 
parison. 
The head also presents good characters for the separation of these 
two larve. That of the fall 
army worm is smaller in pro- 
portion to the length of the 
body, nearly black, and with 
a white inverted Y-shaped 
mark in front not possessed 
a by the army worm. These 
differences may be easily 
recognized by comparison of 
the heads of the two species 
shown in figure 4 at @ and 6, 
The pupa.—As shown in 
a the illustration (fig. 1 ¢), the 
b pupa differs but little from 
Fic. 3.—Leucania uni- Fie. 4.—a, head of larva of that of the army worm, Save 
puncta; larva—about Laphygma frugiperda; b, of in its smaller size. It is of 
ea ee aie oeeet ie the usual form and shining 
mahogany-brown color of 
cutworm pup, lighter when first transformed and darker when 
approaching maturity. The anal segment ends in a pair of minute 
spines. The spiracles and a considerable proportion of the integu- 
ment surrounding them are larger and much more prominent than 
in the pup of the army worm, this character appearing to be suffi- 
cient to distinguish between the two species at this stage. The length 
is about five-eighths of an inch (18-16 ™™). 
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTIONS OF THE EGG AND LARVA. 
[By Harrison G. Dyar, Ph. D.] 
Eggs in a close double layer, one above the other, more or less covered with fine 
gray down from the moth; spherical, well-rounded, the base a little flatter than the 
apex, uniform; vertical ribs numerous, about 60, small, joined by distinct crossbars 
