77 
The young, when first hatched, were almost immediately attended 
by two species of ants, specimens of which were collected, and which 
are determined by Mr. Theodore Pergande as Camponotus pictus Forel. 
and Formica subsericea Say. It was noticed, however, that both species 
of ants were not found upon the same leaf. Specimens of one species 
would guard a colony upon one leaf, while on the next leaf on the same 
plant a colony of the leaf-hoppers might be guarded by several speci- 
mens of the other species of ant. 
When so guarded the leaf-hoppers clustered at first near the midrib 
and in the vicinity of the eggs in the manner shown at fig. 27. The 
successive stages of development are shown at figs. 28 and 27. The 
second and third larval stages are very characteristic, and not until 
the fina] larval stage is reached does the young show any resemblance 
to the adult leaf-hopper. 
A curious and interesting observation was made upon the first egg 
Fig. 28.—Entilia sinuata: Successive larval stages—enlarged (original). 
mass seen, and which was verified again and again, and that is that 
the adult female seems to brood over her eggs until they are hatched. 
She assumes a position upon the swollen midrib parallel to the leaf 
surface, instead of perpendicular to it, and waits patiently and almost 
motionless for several days—in fact, until the young are hatched. The 
ants do not bother her while she is thus brooding. As soon as the 
young hatch out they put in an immediate appearance, and all of the 
observations made by Mrs. Rice mentioned above have been verified. 
Considerable honeydew is secreted by the larvee, and this is undoubtedly 
the cause of the care taken by the ants. When allowed to stray the 
leaf-hoppers will run around to the upper side of the leaf, but are soon 
driven back by the ants and kept massed into clusters. The work of 
the insects causes the ultimate yellowing and dropping of the leaves, 
in which case the leaf-hoppers are carefully removed by the ants and 
placed upon fresh leaves. The Entilia may thus be considered an 
