26. 
RESULTS. 
We furnished Mr. J. H. Baird, superintendent of the orchard, with 
eyanide jars for killing the insects in bulk once a week. As the lots 
came in they were gone over quite carefully and a collection of the 
different species occurring therein mounted. These were afterwards 
determined, so far as practicable, through the kindness of Dr. L. O. 
Howard, by Messrs. F. C. Pratt and O, Heidemann. Portions of sev- 
eral lots were separated and the cureulio counted in order to get at 
the relative percefhtage at different times during the season, and at the 
end of the whole was thoroughly.mixed. By counting a definite por- 
tion and carefully measuring the remainder a tolerably exact esti- 
mate of the total number and percentage was obtained. 
The proportions of curculio in the catchings as. thus determined 
varied from 56 to 94 per cent, the average for the entire season being 
about 67 per cent. The gross number of curculio was in the neigh- 
borhood of 137,000. 
No attempt was made to determine the percentage of females, but 
if it be granted that the sexes were equally divided and that each 
female was capable of depositing 200 eggs an idea can be had of the 
immense damage that was prevented by the jarring work. 
The most important results, however, showed up in the small per- 
centage of curculio-damaged fruit from the jarred orchard as com- 
pared with the adjacent orchards that were not jarred. It was quite 
impossible, of course, to arrive at definite figures, but a fair estimate 
of the comparative results was obtained by examining both the imma- 
ture fruit on the trees and the ripe fruit as it came into the packing 
houses. 
In the midst of the shipping season, July 23, we made final notes 
on the work. The system of sorting the fruit in Mr. Hale’s packing 
house is about as perfect as it can be made on a large scale. One 
hand sorts for two packers, and all fruit showing curculio damage, rot, 
or other defect. is discarded. Out of one day’s shipping of 5 ears, 
or 2,0624 bushels, there were only 20 bushels of culls, or about 1 per 
cent. Some damaged fruit is always overlooked and allowed to go on 
the market. For this we allowed another 20 bushels. In this orchard 
there was very little premature dropping due to curculio damage, and 
from our notes we would place this amount of damage about equal 
with the amount that came into the packing house. A fair estimate, 
then, would place the amount of curculio damage to the entire crop 
at 4 per cent. 
An adjacent orchard of 130,000 trees was taken as a check. Care- 
ful notes made in this orchard and its packing house places the’ 
amount of damaged fruit at 40 per cent of the entire crop. The sur- 
roundings attending the two orchards are about the same, but it 
should be explained that the untreated orchard has never received 
the same clean cultivation that Mr. Hale’s orchard is always given. 
