48 
it did not seem likely that it was American. Hence, on general princi- 
ples, one would look for its home in eastern Asia. However, the 
speaker thought it might just as well have come from China as Japan. 
In concluding, Mr. Cockerell said he did not accept the view that 
Diaspis pentagona was certainly a native of Japan. On some such 
grounds as those mentioned by Mr. Marlatt it might be referred to 
Jamaica and various other places. He did not consider we yet knew 
certainly where this scale originated. 
Mr. Jordan said that a very large proportion of the flora of Japan 
came from China, more especially the fruits, and it was therefore 
possible that the San Jose scale might have been introduced into 
Japan from China. Upon his trip to Japan he was impressed with 
the utter neglect of the orchards in that country and the wholesale 
destruction of birds. 
Mr. Kellogg said that Mr. 8. I. Kuwana, assistant in entomology at 
Stanford University, spent all of last summer collecting and studying 
the Japanese scale insects, giving special attention to the San Jose 
scale. Eighty species were taken, twenty of which were new. Mr. 
Kuwana visited three of the four principal islands of the Empire, and 
found the San Jose seale generally distributed throughout these islands 
in native orchards as well as on imported trees. The San Jose seale 
has been known to the natives of Japan for more than thirty years 
under the name of ki-abura. He could not agree with Mr. Marlatt 
that the weight of evidence was in favor of America as its native 
home. He was of the opinion that there were not yet sufficient facts 
at hand to determine this point definitely, but that the present indi- 
cations were that the insect came from Japan to California. He stated 
that Mr. Kuwana had found the seale attacked by parasites and pre- 
daceous insects, which would have some weight in favor of Japan as 
its home. He thought that both Mr. Marlatt and Mr. Kuwana had 
made a mistake by confining their investigations to the lines of the 
railroad instead of giving the wild plants more particular attention. 
Mr. Howard said that in his opinion Mr. Kellogg’s statement as to 
parasites did not affect the point in question, that native parasites 
might attack an introduced species of scale. He thought also that 
old native trees were quite as liable to the attacks of scale as intro- 
duced plants. He said that Mr. Marlatt’s wide experience in the study 
of the Diaspine group of scales in the eastern United States admirably 
equipped him for the investigation now in progress in Japan and that 
his expressed opinion should have the greatest weight. He held to the 
opinion that the weight of evidence indicates that Japan is not the 
original home of the San Jose seale, but that it was introduced into 
Japan from America; but stated that Mr. Marlatt would be instructed 
to extend his investigations into the wild country, in the hope of 
securing further facts bearing upon the question at hand. 
The next paper on the programme was presented by Mr. Hopkins: 
