66 
son, each individual paying for the treatment of ‘his own trees. The 
general condition of the shade trees in both cities is much improved 
by this work, and considering all the trees in the streets of both cities, 
the results are decidedly in favor of Albany. This is probably due > 
almost entirely to the fact that it is much more economical to take a 
street at a time and spray all the trees than to go hither and thither 
as desired by private parties. The former is possible only where the 
city undertakes to spray all the trees on the streets, while the latter 
must obtain where spraying depends upon the will and financial abil- 
ity of the owner of the abutting property. It might be well to add, 
that as arule Albanians neglect the trees on their own premises, while 
Trojans, who have spraying done, invariably include the trees on the 
premises as well as those in front of the property. The elm leaf- 
beetle has almost undisputed sway in the poorer portions of Troy, 
because the residents can not afford to have their trees sprayed, while 
in Albany these as well as those inhabited by the wealthier class 
are treated and the results are most beneficent, because it is in these 
poorer quarters that shade is most urgently needed. It therefore 
seems to me most advisable to urge the prosecution of such work, 
when necessary, upon municipalities rather than to allow it to depend 
upon the enterprise of private individuals, solely because it means 
the greatest good to the greatest number at a minimum of expenditure. 
This imported pest is slowly extending its range northward of Albany 
and Troy and in some localities where no spraying is done it is this 
season proving a scourge to both European and American elms. 
Forest tent caterpillar (Clisiocampa disstria Hiitbu.).—This insect 
has been a most serious pest in New York State for the last four or 
five years, and in localities here and there it has proved exceedingly 
destructive this season. The outbreak of 1901, so far as I can learn, 
was much more limited in area than in the previous years and confined 
largely to sections adjacent to where the insect had been speciaily 
abundant previously. The caterpillar appears,as a rule, to be unable 
to exist in large numbers in one locality for more than four or five 
years in succession. This is probably to be explained by the local 
activity of natural enemies. Another marked feature has been the 
increasing predominance of the pest in orchards. It is perhaps hardly 
necessary to add that most of the injuries in orchards could have been 
prevented by timely and thorough spraying. 
Carpenter moth (Prionoxystus robinie Peck).—This is a serious 
enemy to maple, oak, and ash trees in certain sections of New York 
State. Its destructive work at Ogsdenburg was brought to my atten- 
tion by Miss Mary B. Sherman, of that place, and through her some 
interesting examples of the borers’ work in sugar-maple trees were 
secured. One-third of a section or atree about 15 inches in diameter 
was fairly riddled with the large burrows of the caterpillar of this 
insect. It was so abundant as to ruin a number of fine trees in that 
