Lt 
ating galleries from a single entrance and a central chamber (fig. 2, a 
and 6). The central chamber may (@), or may not (4), extend through 
the inner layers of bark and groove the surface of the wood, but the 
radiating galleries are nearly always grooved in the surface of the 
wood, as are also the egg cavities, which are excavated at short inter- 
vals along the sides (figs. 3 and 4). These grooved and notched carv- 
ings are often very conspicuous in the surface of the wood of trees 
and logs for many years after the bark is removed or has fallen away. 
The number of galleries branching from the central chamber varies 
from two to five or 
six, but the normal 
number is four—two 
above and two below 
the entrance. The 
mode of development 
of the young stages is 
the same as in the pre- 
ceding species. (See 
EISY:) 
This is a-common 
enemy of the rock pine 
(Pinus ponderosa sco- 
pulorum) throughout 
the Rocky Mountain 
region and of P. pon- 
derosa west of the 
mountains. It is ever 
ready to attack and 
prevent the recovery 
of trees of all sizes 
which are suffering 
from weakened vital- 
ity. It is. also at- 
tracted to recentl y = ~*Fic.3.—Work of the Oregon Tomicus. Primary galleries engraved 
At a i = in surface of wood. Central chamber not extending into wood 
felled tf ces, and br eeds except ata. Reduced about one-half (original). 
in enormous numbers 
in the bark on the tops and branches. The species was found to be 
exceedingly common in trees infested by the pine destroyer and on the 
logs and tops of those felled by the lumbermen. 
The coarse-writing bark-beetle (Tomicus calligraphus Germ. var. occi- 
dentalis).—This is much larger than the Oregon Tomicus, but is of the 
same color and general form. Individuals vary in length from 4.5 mm. 
to 6.5mm. This species also follows closely the first attack by the 
pine destroyer. It enters the bark from near the base to toward the 
