22 MODERN CLASSIFICATION OF INSECTS. 



2. ^/^^^^(OrthopteraO/.&'C. Grasshoppers, &c.). Maxillae covered 



with a blade. 



3. Synistata (Neuroptera partly L. and Thysanura Latr.). Maxillte 



geniculated, and connected with the lower lip. 



4. Piezata (Hymenoptera L., Bees, &c.) Maxillae corneous, com- 



pressed, and often elongated. 



5. Odontata (Gen. Libellula L., Dragon-flies). Maxillae corneous, 



toothed. 



b. The lower pair of jaivs, not palpigcrous. 



6. Mitosata (Myriapoda, Centipedes). 



B. One pair of horny jaws, armed ivith a claiv. 



7. Unogata (Arachnida, Spiders, Scorpions). 



C. More than two pairs of jaivs. 



8. Polygonata (Isopod Crustacea, &c.). Jaws within the lower lip. 



9. Kleistognatha (Brachyura, Crabs, &c.). Jaws outside of the lower 



lip. 

 \0. Exochnata (Macrura, Lobsters, &c.). Jaws external, covered by 

 palpi. 



** Suctorial Insects. 



11. Glossata (Lepidoptera, L., Butterflies and Moths). A spiral 



tongue between palpi. 



12. Rhyrigota (Hemiptera Latr., Bugs, &c.) A rostrum enclosed in 



a jointed sheath. 



13. Antliata (Diptera L,, two-winged flies, itc). Mouth with a 



soft exarticulate haustellum. 



The harsh nomenclature of this system, joined with its many 

 errors and the incongruous manner in which insects, the most widely 

 apart, were brought into the same groups, producing altogether a 

 most artificial and unnatural classification, gained for it but few 

 followers. 



The primary division, however, into mandibulated and suctorial 

 insects, together with the adoption of some of De Geer's more natural 

 groups, were further steps gained in the approach towards a natural 

 distribution. 



Entomologists had, however, by this time learned from the advan- 

 tages and disadvantages connected with the Metamorphotic, Alary 

 and Cibarian systems, but more especially from the more decisive 



