COLEOPTERA. CARABIDiE. 59 



the tip* (^fig- 3. 2., 4'. 14. 16. 18.). The lower Hp is more or less de- 

 veloped, generally square, and sometimes with a short tooth on each 

 side in front f (yfig- 3. 4. \>. 19.). The mentum, or horny basal portion 

 (Jig- 3. 3. fig. 4. 8. 19.) is advanced into corneous lobes at the sides, 

 the centre of the emargination being either simple, or furnished with 

 an entire or bifid tooth. The mentum in some ^^vf species (Enceladus, 

 Silphomorpha Westto.) is soldered to the under side of the skull. The 

 head( fig. 3. l. head of Omaseus melanarius) is generally narrower than 

 the thorax, the eyes but slightly prominent, and the various parts of 

 the mouth are considerably advanced in front ; the upper jaws are 

 very powerful and hooked at the tip, but they are destitute of teeth 

 or have them very short ; the labial palpi (fig. 3. 4.) are 4-jointed ; 

 the basal joint is, however, soldered to the lip, merely forming a 

 support to the three terminal joints. The palpi are generally longer 

 than the mandibles (fig. 4. l. il.), and smooth or but slightly clothed 

 with bristles. The body is oblong, rarely ovate, and the posterior 

 legs have a vertical as well as a horizontal motion, the pectoral 

 laminae (coxge) to which they are attached, being small (fig. 4. 9.). 

 Mr. Kirby has observed that in all those species which have the anterior 

 tibiae notched (with the exception of those which have the elytra dis- 

 tinguished by elevated ridges) there is usually a series of from twelve 

 to thirty ocellated impressions near the lateral margins of the elytra 

 on the 8th, or between it and the 9th furrow : these impression, but 

 not ocellated, also exist in Cicindela ; the typical number of furrows 

 is nine, but in Omophron and some others there are fifteen (Faun. 

 Bor. Amer. p. 7.) Fig. 3. 6. represents an elytron of Omaseus me- 

 lanarius. Many species are furnished merely with rudimental wings : 

 these, however, in some instances are fully developed in certain spe- 

 cimens of the same species; occasionally also the elytra are soldered 

 together, whence these insects are distinguished from the Cicindclida?, 

 which are especially fliers, by their great activity and running 

 powers, and whence they have been termed by Messrs. Kirby and 

 Spencc, Eupodina. 



The body of these insects is of a very firm consistence, whereby 

 they are enabled to creep about under stones, <S:c., as well as 



* In the genus Trigonodactyla, as has been oI)served by M. Audouin, the max- 

 illae are terminated by an articulated hook. 



i" These lateral aj)]iendages, or paraglossae, as tliey have been termed, have been 

 generally considered to be portions of the lip itself; such, however, is not the case, as 

 they are evidently the exserted margins of the internal lingua or tongue {ffi. 3. 4,5. )• 



