coLEorxEUA. — -scauab.^sid.t:. 205 



p. 187., Buckingham, Voi/. in Mesopotamia, vol. ii. p. 110., Mag. Nat. 

 Hist. No. 27., Literary Gazette, 1829, p. 686., lonicus, in Ent. Mag. iii. 

 377., Sells, Ent. Trans. 2. p. xxiv.) 



M. Westerniann has observed (Silberm. Revtie Ent. No. 3.) the 

 habits of Pachysoma iEsculapius (Cape G. H.), which does not roll 

 balls like the Sacred beetles and Gymnopleuri, but carries and buries 

 pieces of dried dung, by the help of its hind legs, which are pressed 

 against the body. These legs are differently formed in this insect 

 and in Scaraba:us ; thus proving the correctness of Mr. Kirby's re- 

 mark, that the hind legs in the latter were analogous to the fore legs 

 in Onites. The North American Scar, volvens, which, as the name 

 implies, is a ball-roller, is, however, a Coprobius, Avith the hind legs 

 slender; but the tarsi are terminal. 



Colonel Sykes has published some interesting observations on the 

 Economy of the Indian Copris Midas, and the globular balls of earth 

 and sand in which the pupa is enclosed. {Trans. Entom. Sac. Lond. 

 vol. i. p. 130.) I have been indebted to W. Sells, Esq., for the some- 

 what similar cells of Copris lunaris. 



" The Sisyphus Schoefferi also rolls pellets. I could not discover 

 the use of its long hind legs." (lonicus, in Ent. Mag.^ It is curious 

 that this writer should have noticed this fact immediately in con- 

 nection with the proceedings of the Gymnopleurus and Scarabisus 

 (which use their hind legs in rolling their pellets), and not have said 

 in what manner the pellets are propelled by the Sisyphus. 



The Brazilian Anamnesis Macleayii Vigors is found, according to 

 Perty, in carcases in the month of October. The Hybomae frequent 

 dung, but do not burrow. H. erythroptcra, however, is found amongst 

 leaves, running quickly, and flying in the lipttest part of the day. Co- 

 probius castanopterus is also a constant flier, and is found in rotten 

 wood. The brilliantly coloured Brazilian Coprobii are found both in 

 dung and amongst the leaves, and not uncommonly congregated round 

 the flowing wounds of trees ; others frequent dung alone, but do not 

 burrow (except C. carbonarius). The Eurysterni are similar in their 

 habits to these last. The Coprides and Phan;ti dig deep and oblique 

 burrows, frequenting dung alone, and make a creaking noise, by 

 rubbing the abdomen against the tips of the elytra. Ph. melon Dej. 

 is, however, found under dead fish, and has a strong scent of musk; 

 and Ph. nigro-violaceus, and sulcatus dig holes beneath, and bury, dead 

 colubers in a few hours. The Brazilian Onthophagi are similar in 



