OUTIIOPTEUA. 413 



phora* Perty (Mantoida Ncicm.\ as well as the curious Panorpideous 

 genus Boreas (Gryllus proboscideus Pcmz.), are also genera sufficiently 

 proving the close relation which exists between the Orthoptera and 

 Neuroptera. If we regarded the nature of tlie wings as of higher 

 importance than that of the structure of the mouth, we should be led 

 to adopt the close relation of the Orthoptera with the Suctorial Homop- 

 teraf ; there being not only a great degree of resemblance between 

 the substance and position of the wings when at rest, but some of 

 the insects in both these orders exhibit in a remarkable degree 

 a resemblance in the occasional want of developement of these 

 organs in certain individuals ; whilst other individuals of the same 

 species, under peculiar circumstances, acquire fully developed wings ; 

 it being evident that the former individuals do not continue pupae, 

 because they are of a form quite different from the real pupae in 

 those individuals which subsequently acquire wings. 



Latreille, in his earlier works, divided the order into five sec- 

 tions (exclusive of the Forficulida;), having Blatta, Mantis, the 

 locust, cricket, and grasshoppers with long antennae, for their types. 



as Neuropterous, and not Ortlioptcrous, and as forming a distinct family, allied to 

 Ilapliidia in its elongated prothorax, and widely reticulated and deflexed wings ; and 

 to Hemerobius and Myrmeleon in its mouth and antenna. The raptorial structure 

 of the fore legs is the only character it has in common with Mantis. The mandibles 

 are like those of Hemerobius. 



* This remarkable genus is regarded, both by Perty and Newman, as allied to 

 Mantispa ; its more important characters are, however, those of the Mantidaj : the 

 form of the mandibles, the elongated antennas, the quadrifid labium, and the " multi- 

 articulated " appendages at the anus, indicate this affinity, and at the same 

 time prove its relation with Mantispa to be but analogical. Perty describes two 

 s])ccies, Iloplophora valida and II. tenuis; in one of which the three ocelli are visible, 

 and in the other obsolete. I have, therefore, no doubt that his species are the sexes 

 of the same insect. Mr. Newman has shown me the insect which he described ; 

 and its fore wings have four longitudinal nerves ; the subcostal one extends to the 

 tip ; the next divides into two brandies beyond the middle of tlie wing ; the third is 

 divided into three branches towards tlie base; and the internal one is divided into 

 two branches close to the base. The second and third are united together by a 

 stron" transverse nerve ; besides wliicli are numerous slight veins running between 

 the longitudinal nerves. 



+ It will be seen by a reference to p. 27., that Mr. IMacLeay makes the Orthop- 

 tera analogous to the Suctorial Cimicida ; but a much stronger analogy exists between 

 them and the Homoptera ; founded, first, on the uniform structure of the anterior 

 wings ; secondly, on the saltatorial powers ; and, thirdly, on the musical powers of the 

 typical species of both groujis. 



