onTHOPTERA. MANTIDJE. 425 



in a triatigle in the middle of the forehead, between the eyes, and 

 behind the antenna3 : they are much more distinct, and larger, in the 

 males that in the females. The upper lip is broadly ovate and entire 

 {Jrg. 52.4., under side); the mandibles {Jig. 52. 5.) trigonate, horiij', 

 with two or three acute teeth at the tips, and a strong tooth below 

 the middle of the inner margin ; the maxillaj {fig. 52. 6.) are long, 

 the outer lobe galeiform, and the inner with two acute teeth at the 

 tip ; the maxillary palpi are 5-jointed, filiform, terminating in a 

 point, and reaching but little beyond the tips of the maxilhu ; the 

 mentum is leathery, subquadrate ; the labium {fig. 52. 7.), distinctly 

 divided into four equal-sized lobes, articulated about the middle ; the 

 labial palpi are short, filiform, and 3-jointed. The antennre are in- 

 serted between the eyes, and generally slender and filiform : in some 

 (Empusa) they are bipectinated in the males, and short in the females. 

 The anterior part of the thorax is greatly elongated into a narrow 

 neck*, rather dilated in front, at which part, on the under side, the 

 fore legs are attached, leaving a long, flat, narrow space on the under 

 side behind these legs : the remainder of the thorax is short, concealed 

 by the tegmina and wings when closed, and without any prominent scu- 

 tellum. The abdomen is long, and depressed, with nine dorsal seg- 

 ments in both sexes, but with six ventral segments in the female, and 

 eight in the male, terminated by two articulated appendages, as in the 

 Blatta; : besides which, in the male, there is a pair of apical, inarticu- 

 lated, short filaments f {fig. 52.9.). The females are also distinguished 

 by the large size of the terminal segment, preceded by equal-sized 

 segments ; whereas the terminal segment is very small in the males. 

 The upper wings are long, with numerous veins : they are carried 

 horizontally upon the back when at rest, one greatly overlapping the 

 other. The wings are large and numerously veined ; the wing-covers 

 of the males are nearly of the same consistence as their wings ; they 

 are also longer and narrower than in the females, and always more 



* 111 some species, the sides arc furnished witli singular flat leaf- like a])pcndages, 

 which give this part of the body a remarkable ajjpearance. 



From a comparative examination of ]\Iantis and Phasma, I am inclined to re- 

 gard the elongated anterior part of tlie thorax as composed of tlie prothorax and 

 an elongated anterior part of tlie mesothorax, at least, on the under surface, rather 

 than as entirely prothoracic, as it has been ordinarily regarded. 



t This is the case, at least, in M. rcligiosa S , although the existence of these inar- 

 ticulated filaments is denied by IJrulIc- ; and see T.efebvre in Jmi. Soc. Ent. France, 

 tom. iv, pi. W. fig. 13. a*. 



