PLATE IT. 
No. 1.—The Black-veined White Butterfly (dporia | No.5.—The Great Cabbage-White Butterfly—the 
Crategi). Female, (Pieris Brassica). 
No. 2.—The Female of the Black-veined White No. 6.—The Male of the Great Cabbage-White 
Butterfly, showing the Under side. Butterfly, showing the Under side, 
No. 3.—The Caterpillar of the Black-yeined White No. 7.—Tie Caterpillar of the Great Cabbage- White 
Butterfly. Butterfly. 
No, 4.—The Chrysalis of the Black-veined White No. 8.—The Chrysalis of the Great Cabbage-White 
Butterfly. Butterfly. 
THE third Sub-Family of the Papilionide is that of the Pieridi, containing the genera Aporia, 
Pieris, Euchloe, and Leucophasia. 
The genus Aporia contains but one British species, resembling, in general aspect, the Garden 
Whites of the genus Pieris, but distinguished from them in a very marked degree, both by its 
habits and structure. In this genus the first distinguishing character appears to be the exces- 
sively thin layer of scales by which the wings are covered, which are nearly transparent. It is, 
doubtless, from this circumstance that Hiibner adopted for it the generic name Aporia—a Greek 
word, méaning destitute, in allusion to the nakedness of the wings. The second, is the robust 
structure of the veins or neurations, which are very conspicuous by their black or brown colour ; 
and in some species, especially the British one, 4. Cratwgi, a similar nervure to those which 
branch over and support the broad surface of the wing, also extends round the extreme edge, 
which is without the usual cilie or fringing. The legs are similar to those of the preceding sub- 
family, but the antenne are longer, and the club, though graduated in a similar manner, is not 
so large. The larva is of long proportion, and partially clothed with short hairs. The chrysalis 
is rounded instead of angulated at the part enclosing the thorax, and is generally of a light yellow 
or green colour, marbled with black, and is suspended by a girth of web, and attached at the tail. 
Aporia Crategi (the Black-veined White, No. 1). This conspicuous insect is one of those 
which may be called periodical, as it is extremely rare except at intervals of three or four years, 
or more, when it appears in great abundance. On the Continent it is generally plentiful, and its 
larvee are very destructive. Linnzus called this species the pest of gardens, and Kollar and De 
Geer have given a detailed account of it as one of the insects most injurious to the prospects of 
more than one class of cultivators. It has been occasionally seen on the wing in such vast abund- 
ance in the north of Europe as to produce the appearance of a widely prevailing snow-storm. 
The female (No. 2) is represented so as to show that the under side of the wings is the same 
as the upper, and, at the same time, to exhibit the distinctive colour of the veins or neurations, 
which, in the female, are generally of a rich brown colour, while in the male they are of a bright 
shining black. 
The Caterpillar (No. 3) feeds on the Whitethorn, Crategus Ozyacantha, and other kinds of 
Crategus, from which it receives its specific name ; it appears early in the spring, and the perfect 
insect in June. 
The Chrysalis is represented under figure 4. 
The most recent places noted for the capture of this Butterfly are Corsham in Wiltshire, 
