THE GENERA AND SPECIES 
OF 
BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 
PLATE I. 
No. 1.—The Great Swallow-tailed Butterfly (Papilio No.5.—The Brimstone Butterfly (Gonepteryx 
Machaon). Rhamni). 
No. 2.—The Under side of the Great Swallow-tailed No. 6.—The Female of the Brimstone Butterfly. 
Butterfly, No. 7.—The Under side of the Male Brimstone 
No. 3.—The Caterpillar of the Great Swallow-tailed Butterfly. 
Butterfly. No. 8.—The Caterpillar of the Brimstone Butterfly. 
No. 4.—The Chrysalis of the Great Swallow-tailed No. 9.—The Chrysalis of the Brimstone Butterfly. 
Butterfly. 
THE division Rhopalocera, as shown in the Introduction, is that section of the order Lepidop- 
tera containing all the groups distinguished by clubbed antennze, that is, all kinds of ‘ Butter- 
flies ; which are thus distinguished from Moths. 
The first Family of this division are termed the Pupilionide. 
The first Sub-Family, according to the system I am following, is defined as Papilionidi, con- 
taining only one British genus, Papilio, a genus which includes but a single native species, 
though the exotic kinds are so numerous, and so various, both in form and colour. 
The insects comprised in the genus Pupilio are distinguished by antennz somewhat elongate, 
and terminated by a knob or club of moderate size. The palpi are very short, and have the 
third joint almost obsolete ; the eyes are large, and not clothed with hairs, as in some other 
genera. The abdomen is short, and the hind wings are long and narrow, and generally termi- 
nate at the angle next the body ina more or less elongated portion,-having a tail-like appearance. 
The anterior pair of legs are alike in both sexes, and are fitted for walking, as well as the two 
hinder pair, which is not the case in genera which I shall shortly have to describe. The Cater- 
pillars are smooth, and the Chrysalides are looped to the substance on which they have under- 
gone their transformation with a thread of web: they are also attached by the tail, the head 
pointing upwards. 
Papilio Machaon (the Great Swallow-tail, No. 1), is the largest, and perhaps on the whole 
the most strikingly handsome of all our native Butterflies, and is abundant in many localities. 
It is, however, rare in the metropolitan counties, though there are records of its occasional 
capture in Hampshire, Sussex, Kent, and even Middlesex. It emerges from the chrysalis in 
May, and is seen till the end of August, but must be sought in its own favourite localities, the 
Fens of Huntingdon and Cambridgeshire, or at Whittlesea Mere, which is another of its haunts. 
Norwich, Yaxley, and Pulborough in Sussex, are also named as places where it has been recently 
captured in some plenty. The Caterpillar (No. 3) is found in June and September, there being 
two broods according to Continental entomologists. It feeds upon many plants common to 
B 
