﻿equal to pectorals, about ^/., length of head, somewhat distant 

 from or reaching anus. Pectorals reaching on ventrals. Caudal 

 deeply forked, about equal to head. Least height of caudal 

 peduncle about twice in head; 31 scales round caudal peduncle, 

 15 of which above the lateral lines. Scales on back smaller 

 than those on lower side. Silvery, back dark. A black blotch at 

 base of caudal. Upper and lower margin of caudal and margin 

 of dorsal blackish. Length over 300 mm. 



Nomen indig. : Ikan Lumu pakkoh and Lumbut (Palem- 

 bang), Kapas Kapas or Ke Kapas (Djambi). 



Habitat: Sumatra (Palembang!, Lahat, Djambi!); Borneo 

 (Banjermassin, river Kapuas, Danau Sriang). 



3. Cyprinus Cuvier. 



(CuviER, Regne animal II, 1817, p. 191). 



Mouth terminal with 4 barbels. Dorsal long, with the last 

 simple ray ossified and serrated behind ; its origin opposite to 

 that of ventrals. Anal short, its origin below dorsal, its last 

 simple ray strongly ossified and serrated behind. Scales large. 



Fig. 44. Cyp]-iniis carpio var. Jlcn'ipiiuiis C.V. X V^- 



lateral line complete, running in the middle of the tail. Pharyn- 

 geal teeth 3.1.1^ — i-i.3> molarlike, with the crown sulcate, flat 

 or somewhat hollowed. Branchial openings rather wide, reaching 

 to below hindborder of praeoperculum. Gillmembranes broadly 

 united with isthmus. 



Distribution: Fresh water of temperate parts of Asia 

 and Europe, from where introduced in many parts of the 

 world and changed into many varieties. 



