108 FOSSIL TURTLES OF NORTH AMERICA. 
enlarged extremity of the tenth dorsal rib of the Cryptodira. On its hinder angle is a broken 
process, apparently the base of the rib-head. The distal end of this bone abutted squarely 
against the ium. Behind this squarish bone is an irregular and rough excavation in the 
eighth costal, which seems to have received another bone, probably the first sacral rib. Behind 
dhe rough surface just mentioned 1s another, lying partly on the anterior border of the suprapy- 
gal; and this may have supported the second cage rib, not yet lost in these early Pleurodira. 
On the contiguous ends of the seventh and the eighth costals, in the midline, are 3 rough 
articular surfaces which were in contact with the nena arches of three vertebra. Cope speaks 
of these as having been in contact with “‘rudimental and inferiorly placed vertebral pieces.” 
It seems evident that the rib-head of the eighth costal was connected with the most anterior; 
the rib-head of the tenth rib with the second; while the first sacral rib-head joined the third. 
The portion of the xiphiplastron present shows this part of the shell to have been thinner 
than in J. molops. The thickness at the hypoxiphiplastral suture is 7mm. The edge of the 
bone at the bottom of the posterior notch is present. This edge is acute, while from it the bone 
thickens to only g mm. The scar for the pubis is somewhat elongated, 46 mm. long and g mm. 
wide; therefore, much narrower than in J. molops. On the inferior surface is seen a distinct 
reticulate sculpture of moderate closeness. 
No. 1469 of the American Museum, a part of the Cope collection, is labeled by Cope as 
having been found at Barnesboro, New Jersey, in 1869; but it has not been identified as any 
one of those mentioned in his monograph so often quoted here. The left second costal bone is 
39 mm. wide at the middle of the length and 8 mm. thick. The third costal is 49 mm. wide at the 
middle of its length. Besides these costals, there are present portions of the three posterior of 
the right side. These agree with those of No. 1468 described above. Attacht to the sixth 
costal is the sixth neural. It is hexagonal, 35 mm. long, 36 mm. wide, and 8 mm. thick. The 
epidermal scute areas also are like those of number 1468. The lateral apex of the second 
vertebral is 67 mm. from the neural border of the costal. Most of the right hypoplastron is 
preserved. The length at the midline is about 105 mm.; the width at the abdomino-femoral 
sulcus 130 mm.; along the hyohypoplastral suture, 100 mm. The bone is 8 mm. thick at the 
anterior inner angle; 6 mm. at the hy poxiphiplastral suture. 
This species differs from T. longinuc hus in having the suprapygal wider than long and in 
having the fourth vertebral scute relativ ely much wade 
Taphrosphys longinuchus Cope. 
Text-figs. 101, 102. 
Taphros phys (Prochontas) longinuchus, Corr, Ext. Batrach., Reptilia, Aves N. A., 1870, p- 159. 
Taphros phys longinuchus, Corr, op. cit., p. 162; Vert. Cret. Form. West, 1875, p. 263.—Hay, Bibliog. 
and Cat. Foss. Vert. N. A., 1902, p. 438. 
Cope stated in his description of this turtle that it had been obtained from the excavations 
of David Haines, New Jersey. The label accompanying the specimen, now number 1125 of the 
American Museum of Natural History, informs us ae the locality was Medford, which is in 
Burlington County. The level is stated by Cope in his Vertebrata 
of the Cretaceous Formations, page 263, as being “‘Greensand 
Neural’) jp cLengthe” ) )Wadth: No. 5,” which would be the upper bed of Cretaceous greensand. 
The type specimen furnishes a large portion of the carapace 
and of the plastron, but it was much fractured. Fig. ror repre- 
I rt: 
a 34 sents the restored carapace; fig. 102 the restored plastron. A con- 
: a 56 siderable number of other fragments remain, but can not be fitted 
5 32 22 to their places. 
; ee = The species was one of moderate size and one whose shell 
was of rather light construction. The length of the carapace (fig. 
101) was close to 415 mm.; the width about 390 mm. The 
form was deprest and convex in all directions. Only the eighth peripheral shows any tendency 
toward upward flaring. Only 3 neurals have been preserved—the fourth, fifth, and seventh. 
The forms of most of the others are indicated by the proximal ends of the contiguous costals. 
The dimensions, so far as determinable, are given in the accompanying table. 
