246 FOSSIL TURTLES OF NORTH AMERICA. 
Adocus agilis Cope. 
Plate 36, fig. 3. 
Adocus agtlis, CovE, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1868, p. 235; Cook’s Geol. New Jersey, 1868 (1869), 
p- 734; Ext. Batrach., Reptilia, Aves N. A., 1869, pp. 11, 233, 234; Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., 
x1, 1870, pp. 296, 297, 5493 Op. cit., x11, 1871, p. 44; Vert. Cret. Form. West, 1875, p. 262.—Hay, 
Bibliog. and Cat. Foss. Vert. N. A., 1902, p. 444. 
The type of this species is in the American Museum of Natural History and bears the 
number 1135. It was collected in the upper bed of the Cretaceous greensand of New Jersey, 
at Barnesboro. 
The only portion of the animal represented is the plastron (plate 36, fig. 3) and this is not 
complete. Cope states in his description that the extremities of both lobes are broken off; but 
at present the hinder lobe is complete on the right side. The front of the anterior lobe being 
gone, the total length of the plastron can not be determined with exactness. Cope estimated it 
at 450 mm.; but this is certainly an error; it was probably not greater than 400 mm., and 
more probably about 390 mm. 
The plastron is short and broad, but yields in these respects to that of A. punctatus. The 
dimensions may be obtained from the table on page 242. The plastron is very flat, even out to 
the suture with the peripherals of the bridge, but it is possible that the bridge has been distorted 
through pressure. The entoplastron has its anterior angle now broken off, but Cope gave its 
length as 69.5 mm. Its width is g1 mm. The free edge of the hyoplastron, just in front of the 
axillary notch, is rounded in section. The bridge is, relatively to the length of the plastron 
behind the entoplastron, longer than in any species with which it is compared on page 242. 
From the inguinal notch the free borders of the hinder lobe curve gradually to the midline 
behind. These borders are acute, and from them the bone thickens rather rapidly and without 
the intervention of a groove on the upper surface. The center of the lobe has no depression 
such as we find in J. lacer and to a less extent in 4. beatus. On the hinder half of the upper 
surface of each xiphiplastron there is a large curved depression which marks the place of 
articulation of the pubis. It is not so deeply imprest as it isin A. lacer. 
Cope gave, as one character separating this species from the others then described, the 
thinness of the bones; but they appear to be only a little thinner than those of A. beatus. 
The hyoplastron just behind the entoplastron is 13 mm., that of A. beatus, 14 mm.; just 
in front of the axillary notch, 14 mm., that of 4. beatus, 17 mm.; medially at the front of the 
xiphiplastron, 16 mm., in 4. beatus, 17 mm. 
The humero-pectoral sulcus falls behind the entoplastron. The abdominal scutes meet 
along the midline for a distance of 105 mm.; the femorals, 87 mm.; the anals, 76 mm. The 
inframarginals on the bridge are long and narrow, the middle one being 80 mm. long and 
16 mm. broad. The median longitudinal sulcus runs a very irregular course, especially in the 
hinder half of the plastron. 
The whole lower surface of the plastron is ornamented with a sculpture which consists 
of very shallow, somewhat elongated depressions separated by low rounded walls. The pits 
alternate somewhat and are arranged more or less in rows. These run usually in a longitudinal 
direction. The sculpture is much like that of A. beatus and A. punctatus, and reminds us of 
Cope’s description of that of Basilemys imbricarta, but the pits are not nearly so deep as in the 
latter species. 
Adocus pravus Leidy. 
Emys pravus, Lewy, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1856, p. 303; Smithson. Contrib. Knowl., X1v., art. 
vi, 1865, pp. 108, 120, plate xix, fig. I. 
Adocus pravus, Corr, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1868, p. 235; Cook’s Geol. New Jersey, 1868 (1869), 
p- 734; Ext. Batrach., Reptilia, Aves N. A., 1870, pp. 129, 233, 2343 Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., 
x1, 1870, p. 297; Ibid., xu, 1871, p. 44; Vert. Cret. Form. West, 1875, p. 262.—Hay, Bibliog. and 
Cat. Foss. Vert. N. A., 1902, p. 444. 
Emys parva, Maack, Paleontographica, xvi, 1869, p. 278. 
The present species was discovered by Professor George H. Cook, State Geologist of New 
Jersey, in the upper bed of Cretaceous greensand at Tinton Falls, Monmouth County, New 
Jersey, and was described by Dr. Joseph Leidy. Originally the type consisted of most of the 
