298 FOSSIL TURTLES OF NORTH AMERICA. 
still less developt than in Chrysemys. The dentary bone of E. wyomingensts (figs. 398, 399) 
agrees well with the maxilla of this skull. 
Text-figs. 367-374 represent various parts of the skeleton of the same individual. 
It is evident that this genus began its existence at least as far back as the Wasatch. An 
examination of Cope’s Emys lativertebralis (Wheeler's Surv. 100 Merid., iv, part i, plate 
XXVill, figs. 1, 2) shows that it possest strongly developt inguinal buttresses, which articulated 
with the visceral surfaces of the fifth and sixth costals. The genus continued apparently until 
the middle of the Uinta, as evidenct by the presence there of EF. callopyge and E. uintensis. 
We are unable to determine as yet the relationships of this genus to Kachuga, Callagur, 
Batagur, and Hardella, of Asia. It seems possible that some species of Echmatemys made its 
way to that continent from America and thru a modification of its jaws gave origin to these 
genera. 
Key to THE DescRIBED SPECIES OF ECHMATEMYS. 
A‘. Wasatch and Green River species. 
a‘. No dorsal keel. 
1. Neurals broader than long; gulo-humeral sulcus crossing behind entoplastron; 
gular scutes reachingventoplastron\: cies etree eties saree ae ite ener lativertebralis 
2. Neurals unknown; gular scutes not reaching the entoplastron; gulo-humeral 
Sulcus crossing onventoplastrom: seweie--ie)clemuttie n sietets wale enelstes estar ae bree cthollensis 
3. Sulci of carapace deeply imprest; costals swollen just outside of costo-vertebral 
sulcisy bones: thick cand @neayiyag ise cte ate ereccestete ca erate cerebro ete erst et ee testudinea 
4. Bones rather thin; beveled surface on upper side of hinder plastral lobe narrow... euthneta 
a’. A dorsal keel; bones of carapace deeply imprest by sulci; bones thin............. megaulax 
Ae: Bridger species. 
a‘. Inguinal buttresses not extending half-way from free border of hinder lobe to midline. 
1. Vertebral scutes and neural bones considerably longer than wide......... wyomingensis 
2. Vertebral scutes and neural bones wider than long............... 1:8 .4> pusilla 
ae Inguinal buttresses reaching half-way from free border of hinder lobe to midline. 
b*. Third vertebral scute about seven-tenths its length. 
1. Fourth neural octagonal........... Lididy idee abi Mite so SE chs setae eo haydent 
b*. Third vertebral about eight-tenths its length. 
2. Third vertebral about 0.78 its length; anterior lobe not expanded. ... stevensoniana 
3. Third vertebral 0.80 its length; anterior lobe of plastron expanding in front 
GE: aK Tees aoe eerie cate estore ova we canaieaic ie aia eieenten aps Meee siaee een tere ge arte septarta 
4. Third vertebral about 0.81 its length; epiplastral lip contracted, tootht.... arethusa 
5. Third vertebral 0.82 its length; axillary buttress rising high; marginal scutes 
not high on) antenor ‘periphetals: «0.0m ageser- aac ce ees eee oe cyane 
6. Third vertebral 0.82; humero-pectoral sulcus crossing behind entoplastron; 
free borders of shell in front obtuse................... 000.000 shaughnesstana 
68. Third vertebral about nine-tenths its length or more. 
7. Third vertebral 0.87 its length; second vertebral still wider; anterior mar- 
ginals rising high on peripherals... ..... cc. ..0. co. 200+ ies see eee neces acyrrhoe 
8. Third vertebral 0.97 its length and urn-shaped; sulci not in deep valleys ; 
axillary scutes not reaching the fifth marginal ..............--0..+.+--- egle 
g. Third vertebral as wide as long; the sulci of carapace in deep valleys; 
axillary scutes broadly joining fifth marginals..............+++++-+++5: naomi 
a’, Little known species; said to have a very wide epiplastral lip and a deeply notcht 
Pl ASELOMcceenicrsreierstetroveevstnlevatslar sates acre ae ee Hee Set os ate eee latilabtata 
A’, Uinta species. 
a'. Vertebral scutes urn-shaped, the first narrower than the others..................4- callopyge 
a.” Vertebrals with straight sides; the front the widest.......... Pe eine nc dliniensts 
Echmatemys lativertebralis (Cope). 
Text-figs. 375-378. 
Emys latilabiatus, Corr, Syst. Cat.,etc., Report to Engineer Dept. U.S. Army, 1875, p. 36; Ann. Report 
Chief Engineers, 1875, App. LL, p. 1016, of reprint, p. 96. Not E. latilabiatus of 1872. 
Emys lativertebralis Corr, 1877, Wheeler’s Sury. West 1ooth Merid., Iv, part ll, p. 53, plate xxvil, figs. 
1-3; plate xxviii, figs. 1, 2; Amer. Naturalist, xv1, 1882, p. 991, fig. 10; Vert. Tert. Form. West, 
1884, p. 129.—Hay, Bibliog. and Cat. Foss. Vert. N. A., 1902, p. 448. 
