304 FOSSIL TURTLES OF NORTH AMERICA. 
exact age of the deposits is not known, but they belong probably either to the late Pliocene 
or to the Pleistocene. 
The individual was of larger size than any belonging to any existing species. The right 
fourth peripheral (hg. 463) ee: a length of 26 mm., from which we may infer that the ae 
had a length of about 220 mm. The anterior end of this peripheral has a thickness of 8 mm.; 
the hinder end a thickness of 1g mm. On the outer surface is a sharp longitudinal keel, which 
ran from the free border of the anterior peripherals to that of the posterior peripherals. This 
keel borders outwardly a broad gutter-like groove. Fig. 464 shows the region of the seventh and 
eighth marginal scutes, with a section across the seventh. Portions of the second and third cos- 
tal scutes are presented. The thickness of the costals varies from 4 mm. to 6mm. A frag- 
ment of the dorsal region shows that the midline of the carapace was concave transversely. 
The lateral hinge-line appears to have had a length of about 70 mm. _ Its thickness is 10 
mm. The entoplastron (hg. 465) is subcircular in outline. It varies in thickness from 5 mm. 
to7 mm. The border of the hinder lobe, at the hypoxiphiplastral suture, 1s 13.5 mm. 
Terrapene eurypygia (Cope). 
Figs. 466-470. 
Cistudo eurypygia, Cork, Ext. Batrach., Reptilia, Aves N. A., 1869, p. 124. 
Terrapene eurypygta, Hay, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1902, p. 385, figs. 6, 7; Bibliog. and Cat. Foss 
Vert. N. A., 1902, p. 449; Maryland Geol. Surv., Pliocene and Pleistocene, 1896, p. 160, pl. x1, fig. 2. 
The present species has as its type a fragment of the hinder portion of the carapace which 
was discovered by Dr. Samuel Harrison, on Oxford Neck, Talbot County, Maryland, in 
Pleistocene deposits, associated with remains of Elephas primigenius, Cervus canadensis, 
Odocoileus virginianus, and Chelydra serpentina. This type is now in the American Museum 
at New York and bears the catalog number 1484. It is here represented by hg. 466. 
Cope’s type presents a portion of the right seventh costal plate, portions of the costals of the 
eighth pair, the suprapygal, the pygal, and the tenth and eleventh peripherals. Those charac- 
ters which in this type appear to distinguish the species from 7. carolina are the greater breadth 
of the fifth vertebral scute and the union of this vertebral with the tenth marginal scute. It is 
proper to remark here that the present writer, in his description of this species in the Pro- 
ceedings of the Philadelphia Academy, called the tenth marginal the ninth. 
An estimate makes it probable that the individual to which the type fragment belonged 
had a length of carapace equal to about 140 mm. The fifth vertebral scute had a width of 40 
mm. The width of this vertebral in 7. carolina is variable, but out of 6 individuals observed, 
only 1, with shell 130 mm. long, had this scute as much as 39 mm. wide. In 7. eurypygra 
the fifth vertebral joins the tenth marginal scute by a sulcus 4.5 mm. long. Usually in 7. 
carolina these two scutes fail to reach each other by some millimeters. As stated by the author 
elsewhere, an examination of eighteen specimens of 7. carolina showed that in only one the 
fifth vertebral was 1n contact ith the tenth marginal on both sides, while in another these 
scutes were in contact on only one side of the carapace. Relying on the type alone we might 
conclude that possibly TJ. eurypygza is only an individual variation of 7. carolina. 
In 1899 (Jour. Phila. Acad., x1, pp. 193-267) Professor Cope described various remains 
of the vertebrates which had been collected by Messrs. Dixon aud Mercer in the Port ae 
cave. Among other things there were three tortoises found, viz.: Clemm ys insculpta, C. per- 
crassa, and Toxaspis | Terrape ne) anguillulata. There Kdbneed to the collection, however, 
another box-tortoise which was not mentioned by Cope, and was perhaps not seen by him. 
These remains consist of almost the whole of the plastron and of various fragments of the 
carapace and the nght humerus. 
An examination of these bones showed that they belonged either to Terrapene carolina or 
to a species closely related to it. It was soon observed that the tenth, or antepenultimate, 
marginal scute comes into contact with the last vertebral (fig. 4672), a condition which recalled 
Cope’s Cistudo eurypygia, and a close comparison proved that they are identical, one of the 
portions of the Port Kennedy specimen being fortunately the right margin of the rear of the 
shell from near the midline to the hinge. The question therefore arises w Hether or not the new 
material confirms Cope’s view of the distinctness of the species. 
