TESTUDINID&. 429 
front, convex behind, with two distinct surfaces, forming a ginglymoid joint. The seventh has 
both ends concave. The eighth has a ginglymoid concavity in front, and a rounded head 
behind. The dorsal vertebra have all been destroyed. 
The pelvis of J. osborniana appears to have been narrower than that of 7. smpensa, the 
width of the former, taken across the pubes from the lower border of one acetabulum to that 
of the other, being 172 mm.; in the latter species, 195 mm. 
Besides the large individual described above, Dr. Loomis discovered several others of 
smaller sizes. One of these, No. 6080, has a carapace 400 mm. long and 335 mm. wide. 
Another has the carapace 266 mm. long and 218 mm. wide. The shell is complete and only 
slightly distorted. It is numbered 5871 and is one of five which were piled closely together. 
Two of these were too much injured to be worth saving. These shells appear to have 
drifted to their place of burial, for there were no remains of other bones of the skeleton with 
a at nt ae 1 ae iE i cmetie * aile 
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Fics. 561 AND 562.—Testudo oshorniana. Carapace and plastron of young individual. 
<4, No. 5871 A. M. N. H. 
561. Carapace. 562. Plastron. 
them. No. 5871 furnishes figs. 1, 2, of plate 75; and text-hgs. 561 and 562. In form the 
younger individuals differ from the adults in being more rounded in front, the angles at the 
third peripherals not having yet been developt. The peripherals of the bridge region are not 
so high relatively as in the adults. 
The plastron of No. 5871 (text-fg. 562) has a total length of 253 mm. The anterior lobe 
is 67 mm. long and 142 mm. wide at the base. The lip is 62 mm. wide at the base and is 
slightly notcht in front. The upper surface is like that of the larger specimens. The bridges 
are 125 mm. wide. The posterior lobe of the plastron is 60 mm. long and 130 mm. wide at the 
base. It is broadly notcht behind. 
A still smaller individual found by Dr. Loomis is numbered 5873. It furnisht a shell only 
slightly damaged and not at all crusht, so that in it we have the form of the young. The shell 
is high and tumid. The peripherals above the bridge and the distal halves of the costals are 
ornamented with longitudinal grooves and ridges, which mark the growth of the horny scutes. 
This, like the other younger individuals, has a low boss on the first neural bone. 
