TESTUDINID. 445 
ered this bone and each was covered with a horny scute. Fig. 596 represents the armor of 
bony nodules which covered the outside, or dorsal surface, of the lower arm and foot. Here the 
nodules are large. The one lying across the ulna 1s really formed of two, suturally joined. In 
all of these, thick outer surface is flat or slightly convex; while the deeper surface is more strongly 
convex, sometimes forming a low apex. On the forearm and foot the lower end of each scute 
overlaps the next one below. The same specimen shows that the bottom of the foot was shod 
with these bony scutes. Close to the toes they are small, but beneath the carpal bones and on 
the ulna are some very large ones, flat externally, convex on the inner surface. 
599. 600. 598). 
Fics. 596-600.—T estudo orthopygia. Limb bones and tail. 4. No. 1325 A. M.N. H. 
596. Ulna, radius and front, with dermal ossicles. 597. Femur, tibial border. 
598. Right femur (a) and tibia (5), dorsal view. 599. Sole of hind foot. 609. Tail, lower surface. 
Fig. 602 represents the left femur, seen from the ventral side. At the proximal end is seen 
a patch of nodules which probably occupied the skin just outside of the lateral border of the 
hinder lobe of the plastron. No specimen shows these nodules on the lower portion of the 
femur, but we can hardly doubt that they covered also these portions of the limb. Fig. 599 
shows the bottom of the hind foot. This is seen to have “been heavily armored with these 
bony plates. Those near the ungual phalanges are smaller; those at the heel, quite large and 
thin. Others quite small appear to have been found somewhat higher up on the foot. 
