458 FOSSIL TURTLES OF NORTH AMERICA. 
T. pertenuis Cope, of the Blanco beds of Texas (op. cit. p. 47, figs. 1, 2), is a large species 
with the bones of the carapace and plastron not exceeding about 6 mm. in thickness, except 
at the borders. The bones are also devoid of sculpture. The depth of the posterior notch at 
the plastron is very nearly half the width of the plastron at the bottom of the notch. In T. 
campester the depth of the notch is not one-third of the width of the plastron at the point 
indicated. The vertebral scutes of T. pertenurs were much wider than in T. campester. Those 
of our specimen of the latter would be about 250 mm. wide if their ratio to the length of the 
animal were the same as in 7. pertenuts. 
T. turgida (Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., xxx, 1892, p- 127) has not been figured. It also is 
from the Blanco beds of Texas. So far as known it is a small species. ache anterior lip is 
described as resembling two “‘flattened cones apprest together, whose vertical diameter exceeds 
the transverse and where subconic apices are separated by a deep notch. Relatively to the 
size of the animal the hinder plastral notch was much wider than it was in T. campester. Other 
important differences appear on comparison of the descriptions. 
Testudo obtusa (Leidy). 
Figs. 614, 615. 
Eupachemys obtusus, Leipy, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. (2), vill, 1877, p- 232, plate xxxiv, figs. 4, 5.—Hay, 
Bibliog. and Cat. Foss. Vert. N. A., 1902, p. 448. 
Eupachemys rugosus, Leipy, Trans. Wagner Free Instit., 11, 1889, p. 29 (errore). 
Dr. Leidy’s Eupachemys obtusus was based on a single peripheral bone which was sent 
to him by Prof. F. S. Holmes, this bone having been found in the phosphate beds of Ashley 
River, South Carolina. The exact age of the fossil’ is impossible of determination; but its time 
of existence was undoubtedly somewhere between the end of the Eocene and the beginning of 
the Pleistocene. Dr. Leidy founded for this turtle the new genus Eupachemys, but he did not 
attempt to define it. This name and the fact that he compared the bone with a peripheral of 
Emys seem to indicate that he believed 
PE ss . . - . 
m4 ee the relationships of the animal to be 
, ciel with the aquatic emyds. The bone 
was evidently derived from a turtle 
about a meter in length. None of the 
4 Emydidz attains such great size, and 
without other evidence the probability 
would be that the animal was a species 
of Testudo. To this genus it is here 
referred. [here are some reasons for 
suspecting that it 1s the same turtle 
that was later described by Leidy 
under the name Testudo crassiscutata. 
614. 615. However, until more is known about 
the two forms it seems best to retain 
them distinct. 
Dr. Leidy regarded the bone de- 
scribed by himself as probably the 
eighth of the left side. If this were true the anterior end might be expected to be thicker 
than the posterior; but of this we have no evidence. The fore-and-aft extent of the bone 
(fig. 614) is 120 mm. The height at the posterior end is 136 mm.; the greatest thickness, 
72 mm. At the costal border the bone is thinned down to 15 mm. ‘The lower, or free, border 
(fig. 615) is obtuse, a rare condition in turtles. What Leidy regarded as the upper surface, and 
probably correctly, rises in a prominent fore-and-aft ridge just below the middle of the height. 
From this ridge to the costal border the surface is concave; from the ridge to the free border, 
itis plane. The lower, or inner, surface is strongly convex from the costal to the free borders. 
The upper surface of the bone is rough and eroded. It exhibits no sulci separating the 
marginal scutes. The inner surface is smooth and presents a longitudinal sulcus running 
along near the costal border and more feeble indications of another that ran between the two 
Fics. 614 AND 615.—Testudo obtusa. Outline and section 
of type peripheral. 4. 
614. Outline of upper surface. 615. Section at posterior end. 
