2) 
Synhopsicrot the species. 
A. Scales on opercles much larger than those of the 
body, 8—1i1o transversal rows of scales on prae- 
operculum. Twenty eight to 33 pairs of spines 
along the abdomen. Maxillary reaching to hind- 
DOLdSEOlepitpiloniOfeyes. +... 5+ «+ ss + + © N. notopterus p. 9. 
&%. Scales on opercles not larger than those of the 
body. Twelve to 22 transversal rows of scales on 
praeoperculum. Thirty seven to 45 pairs of spines 
along the abdomen. 
1. Maxillary reaching far behind eye, 20—2z2 trans- 
versal rows of scales on praeoperculum.... WW. chitala p. 10. 
2. Maxillary reaching to hindborder of eye or a 
little beyond. Twelve to 16 transversal rows 
Gf-scalesOn) -PTacOpereulann ss. - 6 ave os ee N. borneensis p. U1. 
1. Notopterus notopterus (Pall.). 
Gymnotus notopterus Pallas. Spicil. Zool. VII. p. 40. 
Notopierus kapirat Lacépéde. Hist. Nat. Poissons. II. 1800, p. 190. 
Notopterus kapirat Giinther, Cat. Brit. Mus. VII. 1868, p. 480. 
Notopterus kapirat Bleeker. Atl. Ichth. VI. 1866—72, p. (46. 
Notopterus kapirat Day. Fishes of India. 4°. 1878—1888, p. 653. 
B. 8; D. 8—9o; A. 100—110; P.15—17; V. 5; L.tr. 65. (in 
a vertical line through origin of anal). 
Oblong, compressed. Dorsal profile behind vertex convex, 
from vertex to snout sloping down in a nearly straight line. 
Height 3%/,—3*/,, head (without opercular flap) 5—5°/,. Eye 
4'/,—5, equal to snout or slightly longer. Maxillary reaching to 
hindborder of pupil or of eye; according to age, 2'/,—2'/, in 
length of head. The two ventral ridges of the mandible and 
of the praeoperculum are serrated, as well as the lower border 
of the suborbital bones. Origin of dorsal about midway be- 
tween snout and end of caudal. Dorsal as. high as postorbital 
part of head. Pectorals as Jong as head without snout. Scales 
on opercles much larger than those on body; 8—1IO0 trans- 
versal rows on praeoperculum. A double series of 28—33 
spines along the abdomen. Eight gillrakers, */, of eye, '/, 
shorter than branchial filaments. A series of 8 blunt protube- 
tances at the innerside of the first branchial arch. More or 
less grayish silvery, back darker. Anal and caudal often mar- 
gined with blackish. Length 350 mm. 
