29 
head. Pectorals without their produced ray a little longer than 
head; the produced ray not surpassing ventrals. Caudal deeply 
forked, 4'/,—5 in length. Small teeth on vomer, palatines, 
pterygoids, tongue and lower jaw, those in the maxillary 
stronger and distant. Nine to ten flattened, blunt very distant 
gillrakers, hindermost the thinnest, double as long as branchial 
filaments, nearly equalling eye, with unequal spines at the 
inner side. Scales thin, rather deciduous, with fine undulated 
transverse lines. A long axillary scale above pectorals and 
ventrals. Base of fins scaly,29—30 abdominal scutes, the 14 
praepectoral and the 7 postventral ones are more prominent. 
Yellowish with a silvery hue, back darker. Fins hyaline. 
Margin of dorsal, anal and caudal frequently dark powdered. 
Pectorals and often ventrals more or less black, especially in 
adults. Length to about 230 mm. 
Nomen indig.: Siamis (Palembang). 
Habitat: Java (Surabaya); Madura; Sumatra (Palembang! 
Djambi! Bagan api api!, Lematan-Enim); Borneo (Banjermassin, 
Pamangkat, Sambas, Bunut! Sarawak (Karoli)). — Siam (Sau- 
vage); China (Sauvage). 
Fresh and brackish water. 
2. Setipinna breviceps (Cantor). 
Engraulis breviceps Cantor, Journ. Asiatic Soc. of Bengal vol. XVIII. 1850, p. 1288. 
Engraulis Pfeifferi Bleeker, Nat. Tijdschr. Ned. Indié. III. 1852, p. 433. 
Engraulis breviceps Giinther, Cat. Brit. Mus. VII. 1868, p. 401. 
Setipinna breviceps Bleeker, Atl. Ichth. VI. 1866—72, p. 137. 
Coilia Pfeiffert Sauvage, Bull. Soc. Philom. (7), VI. 1882, p. 175. 
Engraulis breviceps Day, Fishes of India 4°. 1878—88, p. 628. 
Pesky 0; Ws 1. 07; A. 60-66; P..1- 12—13; V. 7; L. 1. 
54—50; L. tr. 14. } 
Elongate, dorsal profile much more convex between head 
and dorsal than ventral which is nearly straight. Height 
3'/o—3*/;, head 5*/,—6'/,, eye subcutaneous, 5—6, little longer 
than snout. Cleft of the mouth very oblique, chin forming 
the most prominent part of head. Maxillary rounded behind, 
reaching to mandibular joint. Origin of dorsal a little nearer 
to snout than to caudal, far behind origin of anal, the length 
of which is more than twice its distance from the head. Ven- 
trals nearer to head than to origin of anal. Pectorals with the 
upper ray produced, and reaching to the middle or the hind- 
