62 
than snout, about '/, shorter than postorbital part of head. 
Maxillary reaches frontmargin of eye or nearly so, 2'/,—2*/, 
in head; 10—12 diverging postfrontal striae. Operculum about 
2'/, times as high as broad. Suboperculum small, hindmargin 
oblique; hindmargin of praeoperculum straight, its angle rounded. 
Cheeks, opercles and streak above and behind them venulous. 
Base of dorsal nearer to caudal than to snout. The distance of its 
origin to the caudal is '/, longer than that to the snout. Its base 
about as long as its height, twice as long as diameter of eye. Base 
of anal shorter than that of dorsal. Pectorals nearly as long as 
head without snout. Ventrals below second '/, of dorsal. Caudal 
with the base scaly and with two large elongated scales. Length 
of caudal 5'/,—6 in the total length. Teeth on palatines, ptery- 
goids and on the tongue. Gillrakers about 30, roughly tuber- 
culated all round, half as long as eye. Scales smooth, deciduous, 
thin, their hindmargin irregular; about 17 praeventral and 14 
postventral flatly carinated scutes. Above dark blue, below 
silvery, upperhalf of sides with pearl-coloured longitudinal 
band, sometimes with 12—2o0 dark blue spots. Scapular region 
sometimes with dark spot. Fins hyaline; dorsal and caudal 
dusky. Length over 200 mm. 
Habitat: Java (Batavia!); Island Onrust!; Sumatra (Telok- 
betong) ; Singapore; Celebes (Bulucomba, Menado); Batjan ; Obi 
major; Ceram (Wahai). — China; Ceylon; Red Sea. 
2. Clupea (Amblygaster) sirm Riipp. 
Clupea sirm Riippell, Neue Wirbelth. Fische, 1835—1840, p. 77 !). 
Sardinella leiogastroides Bleeker, Nat. Tijdschr. Ned. Indié, VII. 1854, p. 255. 
Clupea sirm Giinther, Cat. Brit. Mus. VII. 1868, p. 425 (pro parte). 
Clupea (Amblygaster) leiogastroides Bleeker, Atl. Ichth. VI. livr. 25, 26. 1872, p. 102. 
Clupea sirm Giinther, Fische der Siidsee, Heft VIII. 1909, p. 383. 
B.6; D. 18; A. 17—18; P. 17; V. 8; L.1. 42—45; L. tr. 1o—12. 
Elongate, dorsal and ventral profile nearly equal. Height 
4'/,—4°/,, head 4'/,—4'/,, eye 3'/,—37/,, a little shorter than 
snout, 1I'/, in postorbital part of head. Maxillary reaches to 
frontmargin of eye, about 2'/, in head. More than 15 diver- 
ging postfrontral striae, the innermost of both sides touch 
each other nearly in the median line. Operculum more than 
2'/, times as high as broad, suboperculum quadrangular, not 
1) Forskal; Descr. Animal. 1775, p. XVII: ,Clupea charact. harengi; sed 
minor, Arab, Sivm (Not binomial), 
