78 
Bi 56 0D: 16; CAs 17 vb ede —A4s Le ieee 
Height 4, head 4, eye 3, about equal to snout. The maxillary 
extending to a vertical through frontmargin of the pupil. 
Operculum twice as high as broad. Hindmargin of the prae- 
operculum straight. Dorsal about */, of the diameter of the eye, 
nearer to caudal than to snout, its origin one eye-diameter 
nearer to snout. Dorsal as high as long, about as long as the 
anal. Pectorals distinctly longer than the head without snout. 
Ventrals inserted under the middle of the dorsal fin. Teeth 
on the tongue, none on the palate. 32 Gillrakers, about as 
long as branchial filaments, equal to pupil. Scales with some 
vertical striae, their margin irregularly crenulated; 16—17 
praeventral scutes, 13 postventral ones. Silvery, back dark. 
Dorsal with a black spot on top of first ray. [Not seen by us]. 
Habitat: Singapore; Batjan; Misol; New Guinea. — Indian 
Ocean, Seychelles, South Arabia, Red Sea, Seas round Mada- 
gascar. 
Note: For Clupea venenosa Steindachner, Abhandl. Sen- 
ckenberg. Naturf. Ges. XXV, I901, p. 456, see under Clupea 
schrammi p. 83. 
10. Clupea (Harengula) thoracata (C. V.). 
Kowala thoracata Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poissons XX. 1847, p. 363. 
Kowala thoracata Cantor, Journ. Asiat. Soc. of Bengal, XVIII. 1850, p. 1278. 
Clupea (Harengula) kowal Bleeker, Atl..Ichth. VI. 1872, p. 109, (mec. 
Riippell). 
Dovig7Ci2198/ 5 As QT Nor 22d NV sae eee are le 
Head above and back deep blue with green reflections; 
upper third of the sides silvery sea-green; rest of the body, 
cheeks and opercles shining silvery with mother-of-pearl reflec- 
tions; upper part of the opercle pale bluish dotted with black; 
dorsal and caudal pale yellow greenish, sparingly dotted 
with black, particularly towards the margin; in scme indivi- 
duals a vertical elongated blackish spot at the root of the 
five central rays; rest of the fins white. Tongue and inside of 
the mouth minutely dotted with black. Iris silvery, orbital 
margin black. 
The length of the head is '/, of the body, '/, of the total 
length. The horizontal diameter of the eye slightly exceeds 
