163 
slightly behind the origin of ventrals, its hindermost rays 
opposite to the origin of the anal. Adipose fin opposite to 
the last dorsal rays. Caudal forked. Scales cycloid, thin, deci- 
duous. Luminous organs: A small dorsal and ventral antor- 
bital at the frontmargin of the eye. Two operculars, a larger 
dorsal one somewhat below the level of the ventral margin of the 
eye, a smaller ventral one behind the angle of upper jaw; 
3 branchiostegal ones; 5 
nearly equally distant PO, 
between isthmus and ven- 
trals. 2 PVO, one before 
the lower base of the 
pectoral, the other obli- 
quely before and below 
it and above and slightly 
before the second PO. 
PLO below the lateral 
line, above the interspace 
between the two PVO. 4 equidistant VO in a series between 
ventral and anus. 12—13 AO in 2 groups, the anterior con- 
taining 7—9 above the anterior */, of the anal, the posterior 
group beginning above the last anal ray or behind it, con- 
taining 4—6; the most frequent arrangement being 8+ 5, 
others are: 7-++ 5, 7+6, 9+ 4. Separated from them by an 
interspace the 2 Pre, a little obliquely arranged. VLO nearly 
in the middle between lateral line and origin of ventrals. 
3 SAO nearly forming a right angle, the first above the 
second VO, the second in the same level as the first, above 
and slightly behind the last VO, the third quite near the 
lateral line above and somewhat behind the second, about in 
the vertical through the anus. Pol near the lateral line, above 
the last organ of the anterior group of AO. Brownish to 
blackish, except sides of head which are whitish. Length 
nearly 50 mm. 
Habitat: Halmahera Sea (surface)!; Banda Sea (2000—o0 M., 
vertical net)!; Manipa strait (1536—o M., vertical net)!. — 
Round Hawaian Islands. 
Fig. 63. Myctophum evermanni Gilb. 
(after Gilbert). 
g. Myctophum spinosum (Steind.). 
Scopelus spinosus Steindachner, Ichthyol. Notizen, V. Sitzber. Akad. Wien, LV, 
1867, p. 711. 
