be bine 
189 
very prominent strong spines on its frontborder. Gillrakers 
15, with 2 very short ones anteriorly, a little shorter than 
branchial filaments. Teeth small, sharply pointed. Maxillary 
teeth in two more or less confluent patches, which are very 
little curved and four times as broad as long. Mandibulary 
teeth in two contiguous, quadrangular patches with the poste- 
rior, exterior corner laterally produced. Vomerine teeth in a 
crescentic band. Uniform blackish, underside of head and 
belly a little lighter, sometimes with lighter spots. Length 
about 340 mm. 
Nomen indig.: Wiru (Mal. Batav.), Leleh and Duri (Palemb.). 
Habitat: Java (Batavia, Kediri); Sumatra (Palembang!, 
Telokbetong, Solok, Taluk! Gunung Sahilan! Kaju tanam, 
Upper and Lower Langkat, Serdang!, Lake Toba!, Djambi!; 
Borneo (rivers Kusan and Kapuas). — Philippines, Siam, China. 
2. Clarias nieuhofi C. V. 
Clarias nieuhofii Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss. XV. 1840, p. 386. 
Clarias pentapterus Bleeker, Nat. Tijdschr. Ned.-Ind. II. 1851, p. 206. 
Clarias Niewhofii Bleeker, Atl. Ichth. II. 1862, p. 105. 
Clarias nieuhofii Giinther, Cat. Brit. Mus. v. 1864, p. 20. (see syn.). 
Clarias Nieuhofii Vinciguerra, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, XVI. 1880, p. 166. 
B. 8—g9; D. 87—106; A. 69—95; P.I. 9; V. 5—6. 
Very elongate. Height 8—g!/,, head measured in the 
ordinary way 7—9, measured to end of occipital process 
5'/,-—6'/,. Length of head to gillopening nearly equalling 
its greatest breadth, which is about midway between eye 
and opercular border. Its profile from the dorsal nearly flat. 
Occipital process not very prominent, triangular, its broad 
base nearly thrice as long as its height. Occipital and frontal 
fontanel nearly equal, the lastnamed far behind eyes. Eyes 
II1—15. Eye-distance greater than mouthopening, less than 
twice in head. Nasal barbels nearly reaching or surpassing 
occipital fontanel, maxillary and mandibulary barbels nearly 
or quite reaching to tip of pectorals, mental barbels exten- 
ding on opercle. Head granular. Distance between dorsal 
and occipital process 2—3 times in distance from snout to 
end of occipital process. Bluntly rounded caudal more or less 
completely united with anal and dorsal. Ventrals rounded, 
extending on anal, about 3 times in length of head. Pectorals 
short, rounded, not reaching vertical through origin of 
