——SC— 
247 
mouth and generally partly below its level. Anterior nostrils 
pierced through the extremity of the snout, posterior ones 
different. Four to eight barbels. Short dorsal with 5—7 rays 
and a pungent spine, preceded by a broad but very low 
rudimentary spine. Adipose fin small, above the posterior 
part of anal. Anal elongate with 28—,o rays, distant from 
caudal, which is bifurcate. Ventrals well developed with 6—7 
rays, situated behind dorsal. Pectorals with a pungent spine. 
Teeth small, in the jaws generally in curved bands; when 
present on the palatines, they may be free from or confluent 
with those of the vomer, which are in one or two patches. 
7—11 branchiostegals. Gillmembranes free from isthmus, more 
or less united or free from each other. 
In the Indian Archipelago, freshwater fishes of its western part. 
Key to the cenera. 
I. 8 barbels, one pair of nasal barbels. Mouth terminal . Pseudeutropius p. 247. 
II. 6—4 barbels; no nasal barbels. Mouth subterminal. 
ree Aeeandibniany, barbelsy. < <)-c: <, «. steusatied sh keene Lais p. 250. 
2. 2 mandibulary barbels. 
a, Posterior nostril between anterior one and eye; 
eye behind and totally above corner of mouth. 
anor FERUISIMNS WEIS 6 ape 6 Clo oee c¢ Ooo On Helicophagus p. 251. 
6. Posterior nostril at short distance from anterior 
and above a line between anterior nostril and 
eye. Eye partly below a horizontal through the 
COA? GH VAIN 6B ool Ao Gun Oc oO oac Pangasius p. 254. 
I. Pseudeutropius Bleeker. 
(BLEEKER, Verh. Akad. Amsterdam XIV. 1862, p. 398). 
Elongate, compressed, head conical, covered by thin skin. 
Anterior nostrils wide openings at the top of the head 
looking upwards, the small posterior nostrils, which are nearer 
to each other, behind the more distant anterior nostrils. 
A nasal barbel between nostrils, a maxillary near the corner 
of the mouth, 2 mandibulary and 2 mental ones along the 
frontmargin of the lower jaw. Mouth anterior, eye behind and 
partly below its corner, with a free orbital margin. Short dorsal 
with a pungent, denticulated spine and 5 to 6 rays. A small 
adipose fin. Anal fin elongate, terminating at some distance 
