277 
like extremities. When young the occipital process is strongly 
carinated and narrow. The median fontanel begins on the 
snout, ends before the occipital process and is broadest in 
the middle. Dorsal profile sloping down in a straight line to 
the somewhat conical, rounded, slightly prominent snout. Eyes 
with a free orbital margin, 5—6, situated 
about in the middle of the head, in young 
less than twice, in full grown specimens 
more than twice in the snout, nearly 3 @ 
times in the interorbital space. The maxillary soy 
barbels extend on pectorals in young, in 
old specimens not quite to base of pectorals; 
mandibulary ones to hindborder of gillmem- 
branes, mental ones not so far. Height of dorsal 
more than ”/, of head; dorsal spine nearly equal 
to head without snout, its frontborder granu- 
lar and serrated at the top as also the whole 
hindborder. Adipose fin small, its base much _ Fig. 107. Arius crosso- 
less than that of soft dorsal, 5 to more eal ie nite ‘a 
than 6 times in its distance from dorsal. 
Anal concave. Ventrals distant from origin of anal, much 
shorter than pectorals, the length of which is equal to head 
without snout; pectoral spine flattened, serrated at both sides, 
stronger than and as long as the dorsal one. Sharp villiform 
teeth in the jaws in an arcuate band; those on the palate 
globular, in 4 separate patches: two small ones widely separate 
anteriorly, 2 large pearshaped ones posteriorly, their long axis 
converging behind. About 9 stiff, somewhat flattened gillrakers, 
much shorter than branchial filaments. Bluish brown above, 
silvery white below, fins yellowish with more or less distinct 
dusky margins. Length 375 mm. 
Nomen indig.: Ikan manjong utik (Malay. Batav.). 
Habitat: Java (Batavia); Sumatra (Padang, Trussan); Bin- 
tang; Banka; Celebes (Bay of Boni!). Philippines. 
In sea. 
2. Arius macrocephalus Blkr. 
Arius macrocephalus Bleeker, Nat. & Geneesk. Arch. Ned. Ind. III (2). 1846, 
p- 167, ibid. p. 287. 
Ariodes macrocephalus Bleeker, Ichth. Arch. Ind. Prodr. I Siluri, 1858, p. 85. — 
Atl. Ichth. II. 1862, p. 39. 
Arius macrocephalus Giinther, Cat. Brit. Mus. V. 1864, p. 165. 
