VOLUTA, 



MOLLUSCA. 



with fine lonj^itudinal strire ; spire about a tliird of the lengtli 

 of the body, which isanguhirand slightly vcntricose above ; its 

 upper edge crowned with obtuse tubercles, and an angular 

 depression in some instances ; aperture oblong, somewhat 

 straitened ; outer lip slightly undulous, and plain within ; 

 coliimolia provided with three or four plaits. 



Found in the London Clay at Barton Cliff, and in the 

 Blue Clay in Richmond Park. 



2. V. Athleta. — The Ciiainpion Volute, pi. XXXI. 

 fig. 14, 15. 



J'oluta Afhlela. Sowerby, Min. Conch. IV. p. 133, 

 pi. 396, fig. 1, 2, 3. Fleming, Brit. An. p. 332. Strombus 

 Athkta. Brander, Hant. fig. 66. 



Shell ovate, ventricose ; spire short, conical, consisting of 

 five or six volutions, abruptly tapering to an acute apc.\, and 

 crowned with large, spreading, remote, hollow, inflated 

 spines ; body smooth, somewhat ventricose, with longitu- 

 dinal, irregular ribs, corresponding in number to thi; spines 

 on the lower volution of the spire ; base obscurely sulcatcd ; 

 spire somewhat more than a fourth the length of the body ; 

 aperture oblong, narrowed above, expanding in the middle, 

 and somewhat contracted towards the base ; columella con- 

 siderably reflected on the front with three unequal plaits ; 

 outer lip plp'n within. 



Distinguished from V. htclator by being shorter, smoother, 

 and by its larger and spreading spines ; it is also thicker, but 

 never attains the sami' size. In the young state, the edges of 

 the volutions have a few ill defined spines in addition to those 

 on the upper parts. 



Found in the London Clay at Barton. 



3. V. DUBiA.— The Dubious Volute, pi. XXXL fig. 12, 13. 

 Volii/a Luctator,jun. Sowerby, Min. Conch. IV. p. 134, 



pi. 397. Strombus dubius. Brander, Hant. fig. 68. 



Oblong-ovate ; spire acute, subturreted, with seven volu- 

 tions, which are concave above, crowned with one row of 

 large and another of small, short, spinous tubercles, termi- 

 nating in an acute apex ; the whole shell covered with rather 

 broad, flat, transverse sulci, and longitudinal ribs, correspon- 

 ding to the tubercles, which prevail from the apex to the base, 

 stronger on the spire, and more obscure as they approach the 

 base, on the body taking the direction of the lines of growth ; 

 whole shell covered with minute, longitudinal striee ; the spire 

 about half the length of the body ; aperture oblong, narrowed 

 above, wider in the centre, and more straitened towards 

 the base ; columella with three or more slightly developed 

 plaits ; outer lip plaited within, and crenulated at the margin. 



Sowerby considers this as the j'oung of V. luctalor, but its 

 more lengthened, acute, and subturreted spire, the breadth of 

 the furrows, the more cylindrical form of the body, and the 

 plaits inside the outer lip, are sufficient specific differences. 



Pound in the London Clay at Barton Cliff. 



4. V. siMNosA.— The Spiued Volute, pi. XXXL fig. 18, 19. 

 Valuta spinosa. Lamarck, Env. de Paris, p. 26. Sowerby, 



Min. Conch. II. p. 30, pi. 115, fig. 2, 3, 4. Fleming, Brit. An. 

 p. 332. Strombus Luctator. Brander, Hant. fig. 65. 



Shell acutely ovate ; spire conical, consisting of about ten 

 abruptly diminishing volutions, concave above, spirullj' striated 

 below, and crowned with large tubercular spines, with a scries 

 of smaller ones near their upper edge, and terminating in an 

 acute apex ; body ventricose above, and tapering suddenly 

 irom the centre to the base, with a series of thick, longitudinal 

 ribs, corresponding in number and continuous with the 

 tubercles in the last volution of the spire ; crossed by trans- 



47 

 colu- 



verse, obsolete, distant sulci ; aperture oblong-ovate 

 mella three plaited ; outer lip plain within. 



Found in the London Clay at Barton. 



.5. V. susPENsA. — The Uncertain Volute, pi. XXXL 

 fig. 3. 



Valuta ambiyua. Variety 3Ianstrosa. Sowerby, Min. 

 Conch. II. p. 31, pt. 115, fig. 5. V. suspensa. lb. IV. p. 135, 

 Flemit)g, Brit. An. p. 332. Murex suspensus. Brander, 

 Hant. fig. 70. 



Shell ovate ; spire consisting of six or seven volutions, with 

 a broad canal around it, crowned with sharp spinous tuberclef, 

 and terminating in an acute apex ; each of the volutions with 

 three or four strong, undulous striie at their base, and all of 

 them flattrned above ; body ventricose above, and abruptly 

 tapering beneath, with pretty strong ribs, corresponding to 

 the tubercles, slightly curved and becoming obsolete at the 

 base, which is considerably produced ; aperture elongated, 

 narrow ; columella three plaited ; outer lip plain. 



Found in the London Clay at Barton. 



6. V. DEPAUPLBATA The Depauperated Volute, pi. 



XXXL fig. 2. 



Valuta depatipcrata. Sowerby, Min. Conch. IV. p. 133, 

 pi. 396, fig. 4. Fleming, Biit. An. p. 332. Strombus 

 luctator. Brander, Hant. fig. 67. 



Shell oblong ovate ; spire short, subturreted, consisting of 

 five abrujjtly diminishing volutions, somewhat flattened above, 

 and crowned with a series of erect subacute spines ; body 

 longitudinally and unequally ribbed ; base acute, with nume- 

 rous transverse sulci, extending nearly half way up the body ; 

 aperture oblong-ovate, somewhat straitened ; columella with 

 one plait ; outer lip smooth within. 



This shell has much the aspect of V. spiiosa, but differs 

 from it in having but one row of spines around the volutions. 



Found at Barton in the London Clay. 



7. V. GEMINATA, — Thc Double-spiued Volute, pi. XXXL 

 fig. 4. 



Valuta geminata. Sowerby, Min. Conch. IV, p. 136, 

 pi. 398, fig. 1. Fleming, Brit. An. p. 333. 



Ovate, ventricose above, and acuminated below from the 

 centre ; spire short, subturreted, consisting of five rapidly 

 diminishing volutions, and terminating in a pointed apex ; 

 the whole shell provided with longitudinal prominent ribs, 

 which are terminated above, with two obtuse connected spines ; 

 the ribs become nearly obsolete after descending below the 

 middle part of the body, where they are met by numerous, 

 transverse, oblique, strong stria;, which continue to the base|; 

 aperture elongated ; columella with one large and several 

 small curved plaits ; outer lip smooth. 



Found in the London Clay at Lyndhurst, Hampshire. 



8. V. Lima.— The Kasp Volute, pi. XXXL fig. 6, 7. 

 Voluta Lima. Sowerby, ^lin. Conch. iV. p. 136, pi. 398, 



fi". 2. Fleming, Brit. An. p. 333. Buccinum scabriusculttm. 

 Brander, Hant. fig. 71. 



Oblong-ovate ; spire short, consisting of fi\ e subturreted, 

 rapidly diminishing volutions, separated by a prftly broad 

 and deep spiral canal, which with the liody are covered 

 with numerous longitudinal dentato-crenattd ribs, crossed by 

 wide-set, transverse striae ; upper margin of the volutions 

 p .jvided with a series of tooth-like spines, between each of 

 which is a flattened concave space ; aperture elongated, 

 somewhat widened in the middle ; columel! i with three 

 unequal plaits ; outer lip smooth within, and its margin 

 crenulated. 



