Cardinia. 



CONCHIFERA. 



213 



Sub-orbicular ; boaka nearly central ; sides sloping almost 

 equally; surface witii many strong concentric ridges; external 

 ©dijo with largo prominent crenulations. 



The Coral Crag, Sutton. 



Genus XXXVII.— CARDINIA.—^^am.;. 



Shell transverse, elliptical, equivalve, inequilateral, thick ; 

 hinge very strong, with one oblique, thickened, cardinal tooth 

 in the right valve, and a pit for its reception in the left valve ; 

 anterior lateral tooth in the right valve obtusely conical ; the 

 posterior tooth in the left valve elongated, and attenuated to- 

 wards the umbo ; right valve with a flattened fold lying paral- 

 lel to the ligament, and divided obliquely near the umbo by a 

 faint groove ; from the anterior extremity of this fold a de- 

 pression extends beneath the lunule, in front of the anterior 

 lateral tooth, with a corresponding elevation ; umbones closely 

 approximating ; muscular impressions deep ; pallial impres- 

 sions entire, deeply defined, and destitute of a sinus ; ligament 

 external, situate in a deep, marginal, dorsal sinus. 



1. Cardinia abducta. — The Distant Cardinia, pi. LXXIV. 



fig- 9- 



Pachi/odon ahducta. Stutchbury, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1842, p. 

 484, pi. 10, figs. 9, 10. Unio abductus. Phillips, Geo. York, 

 I. p. 127, pi. 11, %. 42. 



Sub-trigonal, inflated ; beaks small and approximating ; 

 anteriorly produced, nearly central, and considerably turned 

 to one side ; lunule cordate ; surface smooth, with a few re- 

 mote, nearly obsolete transverse lines of growth. 



The Inferior Oolite, Dundry and Yorkshire ; and the Lias, 

 Cheltenham. 



2. Cardinia cuneata. — The Wedge-shaped Cardinia, pi. 

 LXXXVIII. figs. 3, 4. 



PacJtyodon cuneata. Stutchbury, Ann. Nat. Hist. VIII. 

 Suppt. p. 484-9, figs. 10, 11. 



Sub-triangular, cuneiform ; beaks acute, with a deep cordi- 

 form lunule under them ; anterior side short, rounded ; poste- 

 rior side long, acute ; surface covered with numerous, nearly 

 equidistant, and rather deeply defined transverse furrows. 



The Lias, Frcthern, Gloucestershire. 



3. Cardinia imbricata. — Tiio Imbricated Cardinia. 

 Pachyodon hnhricatug. Stutchbury, An. Nat. Hist. VIII. 



Suppt. p. 483, pi. 9, figs. 5, G. 



Sub-triangular, with numerous transverse, imbricated, deeply 

 defined ribs ; beaks acute, with a heart-shaped lunule ; basal 

 line sligiitly bent. 



In the Lias, on the banks of the Severn, Gloucestershire ; 

 and at Bridport, Somersetshire. 



4. Caiidini.v. attexuata. — The Attenuated Cardinia, pi. 

 LXXXVIII. fig. 20. 



Cuneiform, transverse ; posterior side considerably elong- 

 ated and attenuated ; anterior side roumled, and of medium 

 length ; beaks rather acute, but uot inflected ; lunule small 

 and deep ; basal line rather arcuated ; breadth of the shell 

 once and a half its length. 



In the Lias at Battledown, near Cheltenham. 



This species has much the .aspect of a Unio, but the teeth at once [loint 

 out its connection with the present genus. 



o. Cardinia ovalis. — The Oval Cardinia, pi. LXXXVIII. 

 figs. n. 12. 



Pachyodon ovalis. Stutchbury^ Ann. Nat. Hist. VIII. 

 Suppt. p. 485, pi. 10, figs. 17, 18, 19. 



Elliptical, transverse ; beaks obtus J, approximate ; lunule 

 small and narrow ; anterior side rounded ; posterior side a 

 little attenuated and sub-.acute ; back and basal margin arcu- 

 ated; external surface with irregular, concentric, rather shal- 

 low lines of growth. 



The Lias, Frethern, Gloucestershire. 



6. Cardinia lanceolata. — The Spear-shaped Cardinia, 

 pi. LXXXVIII. figs. 18, 19. 



Pachyodon lanceolata. Stutchbury, Ann. Nat. Hist. VIII. 

 Suppt. p. 484, No. 8. 



Lanceolate, thick, transverse ; anterior side short and round- 

 ed ; posterior side very long and produced ; hinge-line nearly 

 straight ; beaks obtuse ; lunulo small and narrow ; back and 

 b.asal line arcuated ; external surface with irregular, concen- 

 tric, well-defined lines of growth. 



The Lias, Scarborough. 



This is nearly allied to P. attenuata, but differs in the posterior side 

 being more acute, in the hinge-line being straigliter, and in its superior 

 thicknees. Its external contour has much the form of a true Unio. 



7. Cardinia Listeri. — Lister's Cardinia, pi. LXXIV. f. 20. 

 Pachyodon Listeri. Stutchbury, Ann. Nat. Hist. VIII. p. 



482, pi. 9, figs. 1, 2. Unio Listeri. Sowerby, II. p. 123, pi. 

 154, figs. 1, 3, 4. 



Heart-shaped, somewhat wedge-shaped, thick ; beaks de- 

 pressed, recurved, acute, and nearly central ; lunule rather 

 deep but small ; back considerably rounded ; base with a 

 slight flexure ; surface with sub-imbricated, concentric ridges, 

 and somewhat flattened on the disk ; length and breadth nearly 

 equal. 



The Inferior Oolite, Durham and Norfolk ; the Lias, Frc- 

 thern, Gloucestershire, and Battledown, near Cheltenham. 



8. Cardinia concinna. — The Neat Cardinia, pi. LXXIV. 

 fig. 4. 



Unto concinnus. Sowerby, III. p. 43, pi. 223. 



Transversely oblong-ovate; beaks small, rather pointcil, 

 and approximate ; hinge-lino a little curved ; anterior side 

 short, somewhat narrowed ; posterior side lengthened and 

 rounded ; surface smooth, with transverse, nearly regular, 

 somewhat sharp wrinkles and intervening linos ; cardinal teotli 

 small ; lateral tooth largo and long ; back and b;iso gently 

 curved ; muscular impressions very deep. 



The Inferior Oolite, Cropredy, near Bambury, Oxfordshire. 



9. Cardima sciTii-A. — The Scuttle-shaped Cardiui;i, p. 

 LXXXVIII. figs. 13, 14. 



Pachyodon concinna. Stutchbury, Ami. Nat. Hist. VII I. 

 p. 485, pi. 10, fig. 15. Unio concinnus. GoMfus.^ pi. 132, f. 2. 



Much elongated transversely ; compressed ; beaks obtuse 

 and approximate; hinge-lino gently curved ; lunule long and 

 very narrow ; anterior side short and roumled ; posterior side 

 lengthened, .and somewhat acute ; back and base moderately 

 arcuated ; the point of the basal lino a little turned up behind ; 

 surface smooth, with nearly equidistant lines of growth, and 

 intervening shallow lines. 



