REPORT ON THE OPHIUROIDEA. 309 



whole, they offer similar differences. Among littoral forms there are those that are found 

 all over the Great Ocean from the Sandwich Islands to the East Coast of Africa and even 

 south to the Cape of Good Hope. One species, Amphiiwa squamata, is found in the 

 North and South Atlantic, at the Cape of Good Hope, and in Australia. Others, again, 

 are considerably restricted ; for example, the abundant fiiuna of the Caribbean Sea which 

 reaches only Brazil on the south and the Carolinas on the north. Opliiacantha vivipara 

 and Gorgonocephalus pourtalesii, going to 140 and 600 f;ithoms, are remarkable for their 

 extension in longitude, being found from the Kerguelen Islands on the west to the 

 east coast of South America. Coming to the species more strictly of deep water, there 

 is Ophiomusium lymani, which occurs well up in the North Atlantic, in the extreme 

 South Atlantic, near New Zealand, off Japan, and off the south-west coast of South 

 America. Ophiacantha cosmica is found off the Brazil Coast, between the Cape of Good 

 Hope and the Kerguelen Islands, off the south-west coast of South America, and at points 

 intermediate. But there are not wanting deep-water species which appear to be cjuite 

 restricted in their habitat. Such are Pectinura heros, Opliiomusium validum, and Astro- 

 schema arenosum ; the first living near the Celebes, the last two in the Caribbean Sea. 



It is certain that while species differ much in the extent of their migrations, there 

 are certain bottoms where they decline to live at all. Thus in all the deep water, from 

 the centre of the North Pacific (Station 246) to near the south-west coast of South 

 America, there was found but a single Ophiuran. Near the masses of land, whether 

 insular or continental, there are always spots, both shallow and deep, that carry abundant 

 faunas. 



BATHYMETEICAL TABLES. 

 Table I. — Species appearing above 30 fathoms. 



This table embraces all known living Ophiuridaj and AstrophytidiB. A Koman nume- 

 ral opposite a species shows that it is found also in one of the other tables thus indicated. 



Ophiura brevicauda, II. 

 guttata. 



hrevispina, II. 



liolmesii. 



daniana. 



januarii. 



varieyata. 



IcBvis. 



cinerea, 11. 



Op>]iiura wahlbergii. 

 ruhicunda. 



panamensis. 

 squamosissima. 

 tares, 

 appressa. 

 tongana. 

 OpMopeza fallax. 

 yoldii. 



(ZOOL. CHALL. EXP. — PAUT XIV. — 1882.) 40 



