SEVENTH ANNUAL REPORT, 107 
was also of the broncho-pneumonic character, one of them being 
due to aspiration of food. The remaining cases are well-defined 
instances of lobar pneumonia. Lobar pneumonia has usually 
been found to present a terminal stage of some other condition, 
usually primary. In three cases among the canide the primary 
cause was distemper, among the ruminants it has usually been 
either the direct or remote result of gastro-enteritis. No bacterial 
investigations have been made of the disease, but I am fully con- 
vinced from its clinical aspects and from the pathological find- 
ings that the disease, as in the human, is by no means a specific 
one, always caused by the pneumococcus, but that many infective 
agents may alike produce it, the chief factors being those of pre- 
disposition. Probably as chief among these predisposing factors 
are to be considered those conditions or diseases tending to a 
general lowering of the resistance of the body forces, in other 
words we may well liken the usual case of the disease (lobar 
pneumonia) to the pneumonia of senile men. I propose to dis- 
cuss later more fully the conditions which I believe specially 
predispose to this disease. 
PARASITIC DISEASES. 
In our last report we mentioned the prevalence of cysterci in 
the cadavers of the animals dying in the Park—they were found 
present in nearly all cases, involving alike reptilia, mammals, and 
even the amphibia, and being found in every viscus. During 
the past year they have been found with equal frequency, and 
in three cases have apparently caused death of the invaded ani- 
mals. The condition therefore becomes of importance. Doubt- 
less in many more cases it is at least a causative agent in the pro- 
duction of anemia and malnutrition. Dr. Blair has made a 
special study of the condition as found in our animals and as 
described in the available literature, and his report will be found 
appended. 
I have already mentioned the bronchial filaria and the fact that 
it has caused death through broncho-pneumonia; in last year’s 
report I mentioned this fact .as a possibility. 
INTESTINAL PARASITES, 
Are found very abundantly, and in very many cases they have 
been the cause of impaired food absorption and malnutrition, and 
have hence predisposed to gastro-enteritis. In two of the canidz 
fatal enteritis was thus excited, and in three coyotes death was 
