SECOND ANNUAL REPORT. 7. 
sible in a state of nature, and that no attempt at landscape gardening should 
be tolerated—at least for the first few years—until the requirements of the 
animals and the requirements of the public have become thoroughly ad- 
justed. 
I congratulate your Society on having secured so commodious and desira- 
ble a site for your new Park, and firmly believe that, under the efficient 
management of your able Director, it will become the leading zoological 
park of the world. 
Mr. Grinnell’s report, dated April 24, 1897, is as follows : 
‘Tn the letter referred to, you ask me to report especially (1) as to the de- 
sirability of the ranges selected for the principal North American rumi- 
nants, (2) as to the locality selected for the dens of the bears, wolves and 
foxes, (3) as to the beaver pond and (4) as to the site selected for squirrels 
and other gnawing animals. 
‘*As I have before remarked, the land allotted to the Society forits park is 
singularly well fitted for the purpose to which it is tobe devoted. In topog- 
raphy, in the quantity, character and distribution of the timber on it, in 
the abundance of its water supply for purposes other than for drinking, and 
in the great quantity of rock contained within its limits, South Bronx Park 
seeins to contain a combination of the essential requirements of a zoologi- 
cal park such as could hardly be matched anywhere. 
‘““The ranges selected for the bison, antelope, elk, deer, moose, caribou 
and mountain sheep are well chosen, and with such modifications as will 
naturally suggest themselves, the different species named ought to do well. 
‘‘T have suggested to the Director that, in view of the considerable range 
allotted on the plans to the bison, and the habits of the antelope and the 
bison, it might be practicable to enclose the prong-horned antelope with 
them for a portion, at least, of the year. It is not likely that for a long 
time the herd of bison will be very numerous, and I am disposed to think 
that the antelope might well range with them, since we know that in the old 
days of buffalo plenty on the plains these two species associated closely with 
_ one another, the antelope feeding in the midst of the herds of buffalo, and 
the buffalo paying no regard to their presence. 
‘Tf it should be deemed wise to make this change, the tract now marked 
on the plans as antelope range might advantageously be used for a summer 
range for the tropical ruminants, or some of them whose pens are adjacent 
to this tract. 
*‘In the cases of several species of the North American ruminants I be- 
lieve that while the ranges selected for them are excellent, they may be 
greatly improved by a little artificial work. Such species as the bison, the 
elk, the mule deer, and, of course, the mountain sheep, frequent—when it 
is possible—rough and broken ground, and are very much disposed to climb 
up to high points of rocky hills or ledges, where they stand or lie and look 
over the country, I have suggested to the Director that in the ranges as- 
signed to the species named, great piles of large rocks should be erected, 
which I believe these animals would use in this way, and which would un- 
doubtedly contribute greatly to their health and would tend to keep them in 
