1896.] NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 155 
the Systematic Study of Tribally Organized Societies.” The 
paper was a preliminary discussion which, in a full form, will be 
presented at a subsequent meeting of the section. 
The second paper was by J. McKeen Cattell, ‘‘ A Method for 
Determining Photometric Differences by the Time of Percep- 
tion.” Tests have been made upon many individuals as regards 
their quickness in determining differences of color by means of 
200 cards painted with India ink and grading from pure white 
to dead black. The paper detailed the results. 
The third paper of the evening was by Dr. Livingston Far- 
rand, and was entitled ‘ Primitive Education.” It dealt espe- 
cially with such moral training as is given among primitive peo- 
ples to the young. The paper was preliminary to a more ex- 
tended discussion that will be presented at a later meeting. 
The last paper of the evening was by Dr. Franz Boas, enti- 
tled “‘ Results of the Measurement of the School Children of 
Toronto.” The paper was not intended for publication. 
The Academy then adjourned. 
J. F. Kemp, 
Secretary. 
REGULAR Business MEETING. 
May 4th, 1896. 
The Academy met with President STEVENSON in chair. Forty- 
five persons present. The minutes of the previous meeting were 
read and approved. 
The Secretary then presented nominations from the Council 
for the following resident members: Charles B. Alexander, 8. 
J. Meltzer, M. D., John E. Parsons, William Hornaday, E. E. 
Olcott, C. A. Strong, Rush Taggart. 
The Section of Astronomy and Physics then organized. 
Prof. A. M. Mayer presented a paper on “A Heliostat with 
Small Mirrors, Giving a beam of Intense Light and Forming 
