AND TYPES OF EGGS. 23 
ground ; and their eggs are clouded somewhat similarly to the eggs 
of the English robin. 
Bush thrushes, (Geociek/a).—Are migratory, breeding only in 
the hills, but extending far into the plains in the cold weather. They fre- 
quent open forests and glades. The position and shape of nest and the 
colour of the eges are exact miniatures of those of the blackbirds to 
which these birds are very closely allied. 
Blackbirds, (Turdulus, Merula).—Breed only in the hills and 
wander less in the cold weather than the bush thrushes or true thrush- 
es. In habits and nidification, and also in the colour of their eggs, 
they closely resemble the English blackbird. 
Thrushes, (Turdus, Planesticus, Oreocincla).—The true thrushes 
arerare in India. The Nilgiri thrush (0. zzlgiriensis) is found in the hills 
of south India as a permanent resident. The black-throated thrush 
(P. atrogularis) is a cold weather visitant to the plains of upper India. 
The small-billed mountain thrush (0. dawma), which breeds in the Hima- 
layas, also visits the plains in the winter, but the remainder of the thrush- 
es are only found in the Himalayas. Many of them being extremely 
rare. Of the breeding of the genus Planesticus, nothing is known in this 
country. The eggs of Oreocinela are like miniatures of the whistling 
thrushes; being long, pointed, and freckled all over with minute pale 
spots. The breeding of the genus Twrdus out here is similar to that of 
the missel thrush at home. 
Finch thrushes, (Paradoxornis, Heteromorpha ).—Nothing is 
known of their nidification. They are shy birds and rare, frequenting 
thick cover. They are only found in the eastern Himalayas and Khasia 
hills, where they are probably permanent residents, at 3,000 to 10,000 
feet above the sea. 
Tit thrushes, (Cileuasicus, Suthora).—Are also rare and con- 
fined to the eastern Himalayas and Khasia hills. Of their nidification 
nothing is known. They frequent brushwood and grass jungle. 
Jay thrushes, (Conostoma, Grammatoplila).—Are shy, forest- 
loving birds, only found in the higher ranges of the eastern Himalayas. 
The red-billed jay thrush (C. wmodium) is only found near the snows, 
They do not appear to migrate. They build in thick brushwood or 
forest. The egg of Conostoma is white, with blotches and streaks. That 
of Grammatoptila is pale blue unspotted. 
Shrike thrushes, (Thamnocataphus, Gampsorhynchus ).—Are also 
