AND TWELVE NEW SPECIES OF ROTIFERA OF THE ORDER BDELLOIDA. 375 
Hatbitat.—On the leaves of mosses and hepatics in a great variety of situations, in 
peat bogs, on the ground, walls, or trees, most frequently seen on Fontinalis growing at 
the margins of lakes. First seen in Loch Morar, common about Fort-Augustus ; occurs 
also in North Uist. Probably widely distributed. Before the animal came under my 
notice Mr Bryce had made some studies of it, and suggested the specific name. Dr 
Penarp has also studied it in Switzerland. 
Callidina annulata, n. sp. (Plate II. figs. 3a to 3f) 
Specific characters.—Small, colourless, in lateral view pitcher-shaped, the lower lip 
spout-hke. Discs inclined towards mouth, their surfaces parallel to long axis of body. 
Oral segment much elongated, marked by annular plicee, which are stronger towards the 
base. First neck segment with similar plice. Antenna very small, its length equal 
to 2 of the diameter of the neck. Teeth, seven or eight in each jaw. Food moulded 
into pellets. Foot short, of three joimts. Spurs, short cones, meeting at base. Repro- 
duction oviparous. 
General description.—Length about +}5 inch when feeding. Oral segment twice 
as long as broad. Discs reniform, separated by very narrow sulcus. Neck and gullet 
very long. Rostrum short and broad, with small lamelle. Stomach large, nearly filling 
the trunk, containing clear rounded pellets of uniform size. 
Resembling C. angusticollis in size and general form, it may be easily distinguished 
from that species by the smaller lower lip, greater forward inclination of the dises, 
longer oral segment, with annular plicee and without thickenings, numerous teeth, larger 
foot, and lack of protecting case. Some examples carried large oval eggs. Intestine, 
glands, and vibratile tags were not observed. 
Habits.—Being unable to secrete a case for itself, as is done by C. eremita and 
other species, it seeks shelter, like the hermit crab, in the empty shells of other animals. 
Shells of Difflugia, Nebela, and other Rhizopods are commonly occupied. It was first 
observed in cases of C. angusticollis, the original occupants of which had died, leaving 
only the tough jaws behind. The presence of those jaws, with their pairs of teeth, led 
to the two species being confused for some time. It also frequently takes cover in the 
pitchers of Frudlania and other Hepaties. It is often found creeping about without 
protection of any sort, but it has never been seen to feed unless when in a shelter of 
some kind. When feeding it is not timid. It may frequently be observed, in detached 
pitchers of Frullania, whirling rapidly about, regardless of collisions. 
Habitat.—Among aquatic mosses growing in Loch Morar, October 1903, Loch 
Ness, 1904. Not confined to lakes. Common on Hepatics, Fort-Augustus, Blantyre 
Moor. 
TRANS. ROY. SOC. EDIN., VOL. XLI. PART II. (NO. 15). 55 
